Lecture 9: Spay & Neuter 2 (Exam 2) Flashcards
What are indications of castration w/ scrotal ablation
- Older dog (pendulous scrotum)
- Enlarged testicle
- Scrotal hematoma
- Severe scrotal dermatitis
- Dogs that live in kennels
- Neoplasia
What does castration w/ scrotal ablation req
Electrocautery & vessel ligation
What are some complication of a castration w/ scrotal ablation
- Excessive tension @ the suture line
- Wound disruption & self mutilation
- Infection
Describe the tech of a scrotal ablation
- Broad clip
- Plan incision to leave ample skin
- The penis/urethra are deep to excision
- 3 layers closure
- Release leg tied if tension seems excessive
What is an ovariohysterectomy
Surgical removal of the ovaries & uterus
What are the indications for an ovariohysterectomy
- Prevent estrus & unwanted offspring
- Prevention of mammary tumors or congential anomalies
- Prevention & tx of pyometra, metritis, ovarian/uterine/vaginal neoplasia, & cysts
- Uterine trauma/torsion/prolapse
- Subinvolution of placental sites
- Vaginal prolapse or hyperplasia
- Control of some endocrine abnorms (diabetes & epilepsy)
- Control of some dermatoses (generalized demodex)
Where is an ovariohysterectomy incisio made
- Draw an imaginary line from the umbilicus to the pubis & divide the line into thirds
- Dogs: Cranial 1/3
- Puppies & cats: middle 1/3
Describe how to use a spay hook
- Use brown adson thumb forceps to gently grasp the abdominal wall on the side you are attempting to retrieve the ovary
- Using you finger sweep the spleen or other organs cranially & laterally out of the sx field if necessary
- With the hook against the body wall insert the spay hook & advance it cranially to caudally @ approx a 45 degree angle toward the inguinal canal on the side you are retrieving until it stops
- Rotate the handle of the spay hook 180 degrees
- Sweep the hook across the dorsal body wall to the midline
- Gently lift the spay hook straight up paying close attention to the amount of tension you can feel on the tissue
What is the goldie locks theory of spay hooks
- Feels to tight if the hook feels snagged deep against the dorsal body wall & doesn’t want to pull up
- Feels to loose if the hook come up out of the incision often w/ omentum or a loop of SI
- Feels just right if its in there! peel throught he tissues in the hook & find it
Which ovary is tighter
The right ovary
Describe the 3 clamp technique & the modified 3 -clamp
- Triple clamp the pedicle, ligate below the 1st and btw the 1 & 2 clamps then cut btw/ the 2 & 3 clamp ( 3 clamp)
- If the pedicle is short place two clamps on the pedicle below the ovary & one above. Ligate below & btw/ the bottom 2 clamps & cut above the second one (modified three clamp)
Which ligament should be grasped & pulled fromthe caudal abdomen
The round ligament
What ligatures are used to ligate the uterus & uterine arteries/veins
Encircling & transfixing-encircling sutures
What could happen if the uterine body is friable & appears unhealthy (postpartum)
- The use of clamps may have the same effect as scisssors & may severe the uterus
- Possible that the suture could slice through the tissue if overtightened
Describe ovariohysterectomy closure
- 3 layered
- Monofilament absorbable suture
- +/- skin
What does it mean if there is a clot
An indication that there is a prob
In cats how is the suspensory ligament broken or stretched
By pulling caudally on the proper lig clamp while pressing down on the abdominal wall over the palpapable taut lig
What is ovarian remnant syndrome
- A disorder characterized by clinical sx related to functional residual ovarian tissue after an OHE
How is ovarian remnant syndrom dxed in dogs & cats
- Dogs - Baseline progesterone concentrations
- Cats - Progesterone concentrations measure 7 days after admin of HCG
What should be done if ovarian remnant syndrome is suspected
Affected animals should be surgically explored while in estrus
