Lecture 9: Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is the site of photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Chloroplasts

Question 2

What is the structure of chloroplasts?

Answer 2

Outer Membrane
Inner Membrane
Stroma
Thylakoid
Thylakoid Space
Inter membrane Space

Question 3

What are the three membranes of chloroplasts?

Answer 3

Outer
Inner
Thylakoid

Question 4

What are the three compartments of chloroplasts?

Answer 4

Inter membrane Space
Stroma
Thylakoid Space

Question 5

Where do light reactions occur?

Answer 5

Thylakoid membrane

Question 6

Where do dark reactions occur?

Answer 6

Carbon fixation occurs in the stroma

Question 7

Light Reactions

Answer 7

Capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy

Using pigment and protein complexes embedded in the
thylakoid membrane

Question 8

Photosystems capture light energy, what are the four processes?

Answer 8

1. Photosystems are protein
   complexes that contain the
   chlorophyll
2. Chlorophyll absorbs light
   energy
3. Light energy absorbed by
   chlorophyll produces high
   energy electrons
4. High energy electrons travel
   through the photosynthetic
   electron transport chain

Question 9

What is the order of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain?

Answer 9

Photosystem II (2e-)
Cytochrome complex (H+)
Photosystem I (2e-)
NADP+ + H+ -> NADPH
2 H+ from photosystem I and 4H from cytochrome complex goes to ATP synthase
ADP+P = ATP

The NADPH and ATP goes to the Calvin cycle

Thylakoid space has a high H+
Stroma has a Low H+

Question 10

What is the Calvin cycle?

Answer 10

In the Calvin cycle, carbon atoms from CO2​start text, C, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript are fixed (incorporated into organic molecules) and used to build three-carbon sugars. This process is fuelled by, and dependent on, ATP and NADPH from the light reactions.

Question 11

What is the output of the calvin cycle?

Answer 11

The output of the Calvin cycle is a 3 carbon sugar that

is converted to glucose.

Question 12

What is produced in light reactions that is only used in the calvin cycle?

Answer 12

The ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions are

only used in the Calvin Cycle

Question 13

do both plant and animal cells break down glucose?

Answer 13

Both plants and animals breakdown glucose in cellular respiration to generate ATP

Question 14

How do plants generate glucose?

Answer 14

Plants generate glucose during

photosynthesis and then break this down during respiration

Question 15

Where is ATP generated?

Answer 15

ATP is generated in both

respiration and photosynthesis

Question 16

What is responsible for the generation of ATP?

Answer 16

ATP synthase is responsible
for ATP generation in both
processes

Question 17

What does the production of ATP require?

Answer 17

This requires a proton gradient
across a membrane in both the
chloroplast and mitochondrion