Lecture 9 - Neisseria Flashcards

1
Q

name the neisseria species commonly associated with human disease

A

neisseria meningitidis
neisseria gonorrhoeae

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2
Q

give a major difference between neisseria meningitidis and neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

meningitidis has a polysaccharide capsule and gonorrhoeae does not

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3
Q

what about the 2 neisseria species makes it so difficult for the immune system to keep up?

A

their pilli are antigenically diverse

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4
Q

how is neisseria meningitidis transmitted?

A

through inhalation of respiratory droplets

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5
Q

how is neisseria gonorrheae transmitted?

A

sexual contact of mucosal surfaces

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6
Q

what are the diseases caused by neisseria meningitidis

A

meningitis and septic shock

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7
Q

what are the diseases caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease

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8
Q

neisseria bacteria are gram _____

A

negative

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9
Q

are any of the neisseria bacteria we’re studying commensal?

A

meningitis colonizes the nasopharynx, while gonorrheae is not commensal

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10
Q

explain the shape of neisseria bacteria

A

gram negative, flat sided, diplococci

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11
Q

neisseria are ____(aerobic, facultative, or anaerobic), oxidase _____ and most are catalse ______

A

AEROBIC, oxidase positive, and most are catalse positive

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12
Q

does neisseria undergo oxidation or fermentation?

A

oxidation

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13
Q

neisseria meningitis produces _____ through oxidation while neisseria gonorrhoeae produce ____ through oxidation

A

neisseria meningitidis — glucose and maltose
neisseria gonorrhoeae – glucose

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14
Q

differentiate between the capsules of neisseria meningitidis and neisseria gonorrheae

A

meningitisi — has 13 serogroups of its capsule, with the most infectious being A,B,C,Y, and W135

Gonorrheae does not have a capsul

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15
Q

explain the pilli of neisseria bacteria

A

composed of pilin subunits. the expression is regulated by a pil gene complex – which gives antigenic diversity
the pili regulate attachment, transfer of genetic material, and give some motility

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16
Q

true or false

a mutation in neisseria bacteria gives it the ability to express antigenic diversity in its pili

A

FALSE – its not a mutation
its a normal pil gene complex

17
Q

where does neisseria meningitidis colonize

A

the nasopharynx

18
Q

neisseria competes with the host cell for WHAT and HOW

A

for iron
through transferrin, lactoferrin, and hemoglobin binding proteins

19
Q

true or false

neisseria has endotoxin activity

A

TRUE – has LOS (lipoligosaccharide)
contains the lipid A and core oligosaccharide portion of LPS
endotoxin

20
Q

explain the virulence factors that neisseria has to evade the immune system

A

igA proteases – cleave hinge region of IGA (neisseria colonizes in nasopharynx, and neisseria gonorrheae is transmitted via sexual mucosal contact)

beta lactamases to degrade penicillin and other beta lactams

21
Q

what does neisseria have that enables it to facilitate invasion into epithelial cells?

A

porin proteins
they interfere with neutrophil degranulation

22
Q

explain the pathogenesis of neisseria gonorrheae

A

attaches and penetrates host mucosal cells via their pilli and Porin B protein

multiply INTRACELLULARLY and establish infection in the sub epithelial space

promote inflammation via LOS and TNF alpha

23
Q

where does neisseria gonorrhea multiply ?

A

intracellularly

24
Q

where does neisseria gonorrhea establish the infection?

A

in the subepithelial space

25
Q

can neisseria gonorrhoeae get into the bloodstream?

A

NO – they lack a capsule and are thus engulfed by neutrophils before they reach the bloodstream

however, neisseria meningitidis is encapsulated and can get into the blood

26
Q

name the diseases caused by neisseria meningitidis

A

meningitis
septicemia
pneumonia
arthritis

27
Q
A