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Infectious Disease Final > Lecture 11 -- Spirochetes, Chlamydia > Flashcards

Lecture 11 -- Spirochetes, Chlamydia Flashcards

1
Q

name the 3 genera of spirochetes associated with human disease

A

treponema
borrelia
leptospira

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2
Q

what disease does treponema cause

A

syphilis

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3
Q

what disease does borrelia cause

A

Lyme disease

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4
Q

what disease does Leptospira cause

A

Leptospirosis

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5
Q

explain the morphology of treponema pallidum

A

corkscrew spirals

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6
Q

what is the ONLY reservoir of treponema pallidum

A

HUMANS

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7
Q

What is the primary route of transmission of treponema pallidum

A

sexual

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8
Q

in a sample of treponema pallidum infection, what can be seen under the microscope?

A

chancre (genital lesion) or secondary lesions

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9
Q

primary syphilis infects ____
secondary syphilis infects ___
tertiary syphilis infects ____

A

primary – genitals (chancre)
secondary – skin (flu like symptoms – rash)
tertiary – heart, brain (chronic inflammatory infection)

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10
Q

is treponema pallidum gram positive or negative?

A

negative

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11
Q

how does a primary syphilis infection become secondary

A

because the bacteria survives in phagocytes and then spreads

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12
Q

true or false

treponema pallidum is a strict human pathogen

A

true

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13
Q

venereal meaning

A

sexually transmitted

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14
Q

what are the required conditions for treponema pallidum to grow

A

either microaerobic or aerobic

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15
Q

explain a unique strctural feature of treponema paillidum

A

has 3 flagella

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16
Q

what are 3 species of chlamydiaceae associated with human disease?
also name their respective diseases

A

chalmydia trachomatis — genital infection or conjunctivitis

chlamydophila psittaci – zoonotic pneumonia

chalamydophila pneumonia – atypical pneumonia

17
Q

of the 3 chlamydiaceae associated with human disease, which is most common

A

chlamydia trachomatis

18
Q

what disease is caused by A,B,Ba,C serovars of chlamydia trachomatis

A

conjunctivitis

19
Q

chlamydia were originally though to be…..

A

viruses

20
Q

why were chlamydia originally thought to be viruses?

A

they’re very small and INTRACELLULAR
contain DNA and RNA

21
Q

explain the structure of chlamydia
gram positive or negative?

A

gram negative, but NO peptidoglycan

22
Q

what does chlamydia synthesize?

A

proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids

23
Q

explain the unique developmental cycle of chalmydia

A

has elemental bodies (EBs) and RBs (reticulate bodies_

elemental bodies = inactive INFECTIOUS form
reticulate bodies - active NONINFECTIOUS forms

elemental bodies infect the cell and then transform into reticulate bodies.
then, some RB becomes EB (infectious particle) and get released into the surroundings where they infect other cells. the RBs continually divide

all happening in a phagosome – prevented formation of full phagolysosome and stay intracellular

24
Q

does chlamydia trachomatis spread easily?

A

NO
can only infect non-ciliated columnar, cuboidal, and transitional epithelium

25
Q

how is chlamydia trachomatis recognized by the immune system

A

has 2 outer membrane proteins

MOMP (major outer membrane protein)
OMP2 (outer membrane protein)

26
Q

how is chlamydia trachomatis transmitted

A

sexual
respiratory droplets
through placenta

27
Q

chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of….. (what 2 things)

WHY?

A

leading cause of preventable blindness
most common STD in the US

can be asymptomatic

28
Q

Biovars A-C of chlamydia trachomatis cause….

A

TRACHOMA

symptoms = conjunctivitis
vascularization and corneal scarring
blindness

29
Q

biovars D-K of chlamydia trachomatis cause…

A

urogenital infections — 80% of women are asymptomatic

30
Q

biovar L of chlamydia trachomatis causes…

A

LGV (lymphogranuloma venereum)
-enlargement of genital lymph nodes, and the SYMPTOMATIC spread

31
Q
A

Infectious Disease Final (13 decks)

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