Lecture 9 - Microbes and Plants Flashcards
why are viruses important in population dynamics of aquatic ecosystems
Viruses can move freely in water (suspended in water) - and can easily access fish and plants
why aren’t viruses technically organisms themselves
Viruses technically aren’t organisms as they need a host
What type of Viruses can there be?
There are host-specific viruses, as well as widely ineffective
When are virus infection rates high?
The infection rate is the greatest
- when the density of the population is high,
- Viruses remain viable outside of the host for a long time.
Viruses are deactivated by
- exposed to UV light
- Absorption onto cells of improper host
- Predation by microflagellates
Archaea has _ nucleus
Archaea has no nucleus or organelles, they also reproduce by fission or budding
Also the same for bacteria (minus reproduction)
Where are Archaea found the most
Archaea are predominantly found in extreme environments (i.e hot springs, sal lakes)
__ is a group with the most amount of biomass
Bacteria
cyanobacteria:
get energy/food via =
use _____ light
habitat =
bloom conditions =
Food via: Photosynthesis
Uses green light region
habitat: Lives in most aquatic habitats including extreme.
Bloom conditions: Lots of nutrients + warm + calm conditions
Cyanobacteria has an effect on the environment by
Algal blooms that lead to the eutrophication(too much nutrients) of lakes.
- closes beaches
- impact drinking water
- kills fish
cyanobacteria fix _____ and produce ____ byproducts
Nitrogen
toxic
Protoctista are very important base of food web becauses…
They create most of the primary production and majority of the nutrient cycling(organic matter breakdown)
red algae:
freshwater habitat =
why is it red? =
how does the red colour affect where it can live?=
Freshwater habitat: small streams with low light
Why is it Red?: Red Algae pigments use blue-green light and reflect red light
They can live in densely shaded streams taking leftover light that the trees arent using
Golden Algae
habitat =
physical characteristic =
____-trophic
Habitat: Attached to phytoplankton in low nutrient lakes
Physical Characteristics: Two Flagella
Mixo-trophic (Both photosynthetic and heterothrophic)
diatoms:
habitat =
primary producer or heterotroph? =
physical charageristic =
can it move? =
habitat: Benthic zones of lakes, streams and wetlands
Primary Producer
(Physical Characteristics: Frustule ( Sillica 0 based cell wall)
it cannot move
dinoflagellates
habitat =
example =
physical charageristic =
____-trophic
habitat: lentic habitats (wetland and stream)
Example: Phytplankton
Physical Characteristic: free swimming,
cellulose plate armour
heterotrophic
eugenophyceae:
live in ______ conditions
habitat =
can it move? =
eutrophic (high nutrient)
sediments
yes
green algae:
live in ____ conditions
unicellular forms =
multicellular forms attached to =
most ___ group of algae
oligotrophic (low nutrient) or eutrophic (high nutrient)
plankton community
benthic(on the bottom) substrates
diverse
charophytes
habitat =
live in _____ conditions
wetlands and benthic zones of oligotrophic lakes
nutrient-poor conditions
protozoa
____-trophs
reproduce =
can do ___ cycling
likes _____ environment conditions
auto or heterotrophs
sexually or asexually
carbon
stable
fungi
main job =
^ this is important because
habitat =
unicellular forms are ______
decomposers
breaking down detritus feeds low light organisms in water
terrestrial environments
parasites
plants in aquactic ecosystems are called
Macrophytes
plants
are abundant in ______ waters
rooted in ___ substrates
important ____ for fish
how do they get nutrients
abundant in shallow, moving water
rooted in fine substrates
important shelter for fish
they get nutrients from ground
Non-Vascular Plants
examples =
streams are _____ and _____
provide _____ for fish
moss and liverworts (Bryophytes)
small and low nutrient
shelter
vascular plants
_____ plants
provide ___ to animales
create ___
flowering
shelter
oxygen
