Lecture 9: GABA Flashcards
Enzyme that makes Gaba from Glutamate
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase
GAD inhibitor (less inhibition leads to seizures)
Allyglycine
GAD Located on terminals and membranes
GAD 65
GAD Located everywhere
GAD 67
Co-factor in the synthesis of GABA (HELPS OU GAD)
Peeps with deficiencies are at high risk for seizures
Vitamin B6 (PYROXIDINE)
Takes up GABA into vesicles
VGAT
Removes GABA from cleft (transporter). On neurons and astrocytes.
GAT-1/ GAT-2
Removes GABA from cleft (transporter). Only on astrocytes.
GAT-3
GAT-1 inhibitor. Enhances inhibition; helps with seizures
Tiagabine (Gabitril)
Enzyme that breaks down GABA
GABA-T (GABA amino-transferase)
Metabolite of GABA
Succinate
By product of GABA metabolism
Glutamate
Irreversible inhibitor of GABA-T. Anticonvulsant but can lead to visual field problems
Vigabatrin (Sabril)
GABAergic locations
Widespread; cerebral cortex, hippocampus, sub. nigra, striatum, globus pallidus, olfactory bulbs, cerrebellum
GABA receptor
GABA-A
of subunits on GABA A receptor
5
Types of subunits on GABA A receptor
alpha, beta, gamma, delta
GABA A receptors must contain at least..
2 alpha subunits, 2 beta subunits and 1 gamma OR 2 alpha, 1 beta and 2 gamma (sometimes replaced by delta)
Best characterized binding site on GABA-A receptor
Benzodiazepine site (BzR) NON COMPETATIVE --> cause not actually binding to GABA site but an alpha subunit
alpha subunit responsible for sedation
alpha 1
alpha subunit responsible for anxyiolitic effects
alpha 2/3
alpha subunit responsible for cognition
alpha 3
Non-competative antagonist of GABAA receptor
Picrotoxin
GABAA agonist (leads to inhibition)
Muscimol
GABAA competitive antagonist
Bicuculine
CNS Depressant
Barbiturate
Popular anxiolytic drugs implicated in DATE RAPE
Benzodiazepines (types are valium and xanax)
