Lecture 9 - Exchange & Transport 2

Question 1

Travel route

Answer 1

Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
alveoli

Question 2

How many on average Alveoli is their in the body

Answer 2

700 million

Question 3

SA of a Alveoli?

Answer 3

100m^2

Question 4

How many times greater is alveoli SA compared to skin

Answer 4

50x

Question 5

Why id it important to have Capillary right next to alveoli ?

Answer 5

So O2/Co2 can diffuse
So short diffusion distantance

Question 6

Adaptations of Alveoli

Answer 6

Large surface area maximises diffusion
Thin walls so short diffusion distance
Good blood supply to replace Saturated Blood

Question 7

What Effects Diffusion rate

Answer 7

Concentration gradient
Thickness of exchange surface
Surface area

Question 8

What disease causes Alveoli death

Answer 8

Emphysema

Question 9

What does Emphysema do

Answer 9

Loss of elastin, leads to destruction of the alveoli walls, reduces surface area of the alveoli.

Question 10

What bond do you have to break down Starch

Answer 10

Glycosidic

Question 11

What bond do you have to break down Proteins

Answer 11

Peptide bond

Question 12

What bond do you have to break down Lipids

Answer 12

Ester bonds

Question 13

Digestive System In order

Answer 13

Oesophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
Large Intestines
Small Intestines
Rectum

Question 14

Pulmonary Vein

Answer 14

Oxygenated Blood enters the heart into the Left Atrium

Question 15

Aorta

Answer 15

Oxygenated Blood supplies the respiring tissues
Blood leaves the Heart from the Left Ventricle

Question 16

Coronary Arteries

Answer 16

Supplies the Heart Muscles with Oxygen

Question 17

Pulmo means ?

Answer 17

Lungs

Question 18

Hepatic means ?

Answer 18

Liver

Question 19

Vena Carva

Answer 19

Bring DeOxygenated Blood into the heart
Into the Right Atrium

Question 20

Pulmonary Artery

Answer 20

Supplies the Lungs with DeOxygenated Blood
blood leaves the heart from the right Ventricle

Question 21

Valve separating Left Atrium and Left Ventricle ?

Answer 21

Mitral Valve

Question 22

Valve separating Left Ventricle and Aorta ?

Answer 22

Aortic Valve

Question 23

Valve separating Right Atrium and Right Ventricle ?

Answer 23

Tricuspid Valve

Question 24

Valve separating Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Artery ?

Answer 24

Pulmonary Valve

Question 25

Renal

Answer 25

Kidney

Question 26

For Liver and Kidney

Answer 26

Artery means that blood is coming in Vein means blood is leaving e.g. Renal Vein blood is leaving the kidney to go to the heart

Question 27

What structure does Haemoglobin have ?

Answer 27

A Quaternary Structure

Question 28

How many chains does a Haemoglobin have ?

Answer 28

4 Polypeptide Chains Each chain has a Haem group Each Haemoglobin can carry oxygen molecule (O2)

Question 29

Haemoglobin equation

Answer 29

HB + 4O2 = HB08

Question 30

Affinity

Answer 30

The ease with which haemoglobin binds and dissociates with oxygen can be described as its affinity for oxygen.

Question 31

Alveoli In Lungs

Answer 31

High O2 Concentration High P O2 High Affinity Oxygen Loads

Question 32

Respiring Tissue

Answer 32

Low O2 Concentration Low P O2 Low Affinity Oxygen Unloads

Question 33

Explain how oxygen is loaded, transported and unloaded in the blood ?

Answer 33

Haemoglobin carries Oxygen In Red blood cells Loading takes place in the lungs At a high P O2 Unloading takes place at respiring tissues At a low P O2

Question 34

Affinity graphs

Answer 34

Bigger Animals have a steeper curve Higher affinity at same P O2 From Highest and Leftest peak to lowest and rightest Elephant Human Cat Mouse