Lecture 8 - Exchange & Transport 1

Question 1

How do you work out the Area of something?

Answer 1

First you do LxW to find out area of a face
Then you times that area by the amount of faces you have

Question 2

Area formula

Answer 2

2 x L W
2 x L H
2 x W H

Question 3

Volume Equation ?

Answer 3

L x W x H

Question 4

Surface Area : Volume Ratio

Answer 4

Work out the Surface Area
Work out the Volume
Surface Area on left and Volume on right
For ratio its SA/V and V/V
Then simplify

Question 5

Horse and mouse question

Answer 5

Smaller = higher SA:V
More heat loss
Faster rate of respiration

Question 6

Being larger question

Answer 6

Larger cells have smaller SA:V
Diffusion distance is longer

Question 7

General marks (1)

Answer 7

Higher SA:V = better = more contact available

Question 8

General Marks (2)

Answer 8

Having higher SA:V because animal is smaller
Animal meets requirements by diffusion

Question 9

General marks (3)

Answer 9

Increased SA
Increased SA:V
Reduces diffusion disantance

Question 10

General marks (4)

Answer 10

Circulatory system needed in larger organisms

Question 11

General marks (5)

Answer 11

Branching
Flatterning
Projections
Folding
all help and increase SA

Question 12

General marks (6)

Answer 12

Need efficient systems to carry O2/CO2 to and from cells

Question 13

General marks (7)

Answer 13

Epithelial cells cover surface of organs
Microvilli in small intestines
Folds in cell membrane

All increase SA

Question 14

Which of these organs is NOT part of the small intestine?

Answer 14

Colon is not

Ileum
Duodenum
Jejenum
Are all apart of the small intestine

Question 15

Which of these enzymes is used to aid the breakdown of starch?

Answer 15

Amylase

Question 16

The blood vessel taking oxygenated blood to the body from the heart is called the what?

Answer 16

Aorta

Question 17

How many molecules of oxygen can one molecule of haemoglobin carry?

Answer 17

4

Question 18

Which blood vessel is adapted to allow molecules in and out easily and only one cells thick?

Answer 18

Capillary

Question 19

Which of these is NOT an adaptation of a red blood cell?
Question 8 options:

Biconcave shape

Large nucleus

Contains Fe2+

Small and flexible

Answer 19

Large Nucleus

Question 20

Which of these statements are INCORRECT?
Question 9 options:

No digestion takes place in the small inestine.

Starch and glycogen start to be digested in the oral cavity.

In the stomach, proteins are digested by enzymes (pepsin).

Sucrose and lactose start to be digested in the oral cavity.

Answer 20

No digestion takes place in the small inestine.

Question 21

Which lung disease causes the loss of elastin and a destruction of the alveoli leading to a reduced surface area?

Answer 21

Emphysema

Question 22

When oxygen diffuses from the alveolus into the plasma, how many cell layers does it cross?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

Which one of the following has the highest concentration of oxygen?

Answer 23

atmospheric air

Question 24

When air is breathed in by mammals, what is the correct order of structures it passes through?

Answer 24

pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchus

Question 25

Nutrients from food are absorbed into the villi in the small intestine. Which of the following statements is correct?

Answer 25

Glucose and amino acids are absorbed into the capillaries.

Question 26

What organism is being described here? "A single-celled animal that catches food and moves about by extending finger like projections of protoplasm

Answer 26

Amoeba

Question 27

Which system includes the kidneys and bladder?

Answer 27

Excretory

Question 28

How many (estimated) million alveoli are there in the human lungs?

Answer 28

700