Lecture 9. Chapter 8. Quiz 8 Flashcards
What do Rationalists maintain?
That knowledge is gained and verified through reason and thought
What do Empiricists maintain?
That knowledge is gained and verified through sense experience
What is the Categorical Imperative?
A binding principle that holds unconditionally for everyone and every situation. One of its formulations is the principle of ends.
What is Kant’s concept of Morality?
What makes an action morally worthy is the motive. With the polity of the will. With the intention. What matter is the motive. And the motive must be of a certain kind.
Do the right thing for the right reason.
How do you apply the categorical imperative?
Distill the situation into a simple maxim and ask if it could be applied to everyone.
The important features of Kant’s ethical theory include
Universality- moral laws apply to all persons in relevant and similar situations
What is the problem with Intuitionism?
It lacks explanatory power. It tells us nothing about what makes things morally right or wrong.
What is The Good Will?
The only thing of foundational moral worth, the Good Will chooses to do something because it’s one’s moral duty.
Hypothetical Imperative
A conditional principle that tells us what we should do if we satisfy some condition or hope to achieve some goal
Categorical Imperative
A binding principle that holds unconditionally for everyone and every situation. One of its formulations is the principle of ends.
Principle of Ends
Act so as to treat every person affected by your action (including yourself) as an end and never as a means only.
What is a Maxim?
Any rule of conduct or behavior that one can act in accordance with.
What’s the Principle of Universal Law?
Act only in accordance with a maxim that you can at the same time (rationally) will teo be a universal law or principle.
What is Perfect Duty?
An absolute obligation that cannot be obeyed by degrees; a perfect duty contracts with an Imperfect Duty, which can be fulfilled to varying degrees.
What is the Principle of Autonomy
Every person is equally a creator of the universal moral law; that is, each person makes the moral law for themselves.
