Lecture 9: Bacterial structure, function and microscopy Flashcards
1
Q
what 6 forms can bacteria have?
A
- coccus (small sphere)
- rod
- spirillum (curvy rod)
- spirochete (wavy thin rod)
- budding and appendaged
- filamentous
2
Q
what is the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane strengthened by?
A
hopanoids
3
Q
what is the bacterial cell wall made of?
A
murein - peptidoglycan
4
Q
what is peptidoglucan polymerization driven by?
A
PBP3 and PBP 2
5
Q
what are the layers of the cell membrane in bacteria?
A
periplasm - with peptidoglucan
-
cytoplasmic membrane
6
Q
what are porins?
A
selective channels allowing molecules to cross the outer membrane and reach the periplasm
7
Q
what is unique about porins structure?
A
made from entirely B sheets that form B barrels
8
Q
which type of bacteria is the outer membrane found in?
A
ONLY gram negative NOT positive
9
Q
what are capsules?
A
- polysaccharide/protein
- plays a role pathogenesis and biofilm formation
10
Q
where may biofilms form?
A
- on solid substrates in contact with moisture
- on soft tissue surfaces in living organisms
- at liquid-air interfaces
11
Q
what are fimbriae and pili?
A
- proteinaceous (can be glycosylated)
- play role in pathogenesis, biofilms, and conjugation
- twitching motility
12
Q
what are flagella?
A
- multimeric (2 or more subunits) protein complex
- enable bacteria to swim in liquid environments
