Lecture 9

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Learned and shared beliefs , values, norms, and traditions of a particular group, which guide our thinking, decisions and actions

Question 2

Unconscious bias

Answer 2

a bias we are unaware of and that happens outside our control. Influenced by our personal background, experiences, and cultural environment.

Question 3

Implicit bias

Answer 3

unconscious bias, but we are aware of the bias

Question 4

Culturally congruent care

Answer 4

need to provide care based on individuals cultural beliefs

Question 5

Cultural competence

Answer 5

the healthcare provider needs to be culturally sensitive in their administration of health care.

Question 6

Changing demographics

Answer 6

predicts the US population by the year 2060 will climb to 32% of the population being ethnic minority groups

Question 7

Oppression

Answer 7

A system of advantages and disadvantages tied to our membership in social groups

Question 8

Emic

Answer 8

Insider perspective, world view
insider’s view—how individuals from within a culture perceive and understand their own behaviors, beliefs, and values.

Question 9

Etic

Answer 9

Outsider perspective, world view
outsider’s view—how individuals from outside a culture interpret and describe behaviors, beliefs, and practices

Question 10

Transcultural nursing

Answer 10

a comparative study of cultures to understand their similarities and differences

Question 11

Culturally congruent

Answer 11

Care that fits a person’s life patterns, values, and system of meaning

Question 12

Health disparities

Answer 12

A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage (ODPHP, 2016)

Question 13

Social determinants of health

Answer 13

The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age (WHO, 2019)

Question 14

Marginalized Groups

Answer 14

Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender; people of color; people who are physically and/or mentally challenged; and people who are not college-educated.

Question 15

Parity

Answer 15

Equality

Question 16

Disparity

Answer 16

unequal

Question 17

What causes health disparities?

Answer 17

People in marginalized groups are more likely to have poor health outcomes and die at an earlier age because of a complex interaction between individual genetics and behaviors; public and health policy; community and environmental factors; and quality of health care.]

Question 18

What are some examples of social determinants of health?

Answer 18

Income and wealth, family and household structure, social support, education, occupation, discrimination, neighborhood conditions, and social institutions are some examples of social determinants of health.]

Question 19

Health care disparities

Answer 19

Differences among populations in the availability, accessibility, and quality of health care services. This contribute to unequal health care outcomes, especially for certain populations.

Question 20

What does regular visits to a primary care provider result in?

Answer 20

In better preventative care

Question 21

Social determinants of health

Answer 21

A major factor is poor access to healthcare

Question 22

Which groups are more likely to be impacted by health care disparities?

Answer 22

African-Americans, Asians, Hispanics, low- and middle-income groups, the uninsured

Question 23

Healthcare System Issues: Health disparities are also caused by issues within healthcare systems, such a

Answer 23

Inadequate resources
Poor patient-provider communication
Lack of culturally competent care
Fragmented care delivery
Inadequate language services

Question 24

Socioeconomic status and access to care are key determinants of…

Answer 24

health disparities and should be prioritized in assessments.

Question 25

The primary objective of CLAS standards is to…

Answer 25

promote health equity and reduce disparities by providing culturally and linguistically appropriate services.

Question 26

Health disparities are unequal burdens of disease morbidity and mortality rates experienced by racial and ethnic groups. These disparities are often exacerbated by:

A. bias.

B. stereotyping.

C. prejudice.

D. all of the above.

Answer 26

D

Question 27

TEACH BACK TECHNIQUE

Answer 27

ongoing process of asking patients for feedback through explanation or demonstration and presenting information in a new way until you feel confident that you communicated clearly and that your patient has a full understanding of the information presented.

Question 28

Campinha-Bacote two goals

Answer 28

• to generate a wide variety of responses and to send and receive both verbal and nonverbal communication accurately and appropriately
• to continuously interact with patients from culturally diverse backgrounds in order to validate, refine, or modify existing values, beliefs, and practices and to develop cultural desire, awareness, skill, and knowledge.

Question 29

Bioculture history

Answer 29

the understanding of how biological and cultural factors influence health and illness in individuals and populations. It combines biological aspects (such as genetics, physiology, and disease susceptibility) with cultural elements (like beliefs, practices, and societal norms).

Question 30

Ethnohistory

Answer 30

field of study that combines historical and anthropological methods to understand the experiences, cultures, and histories of specific ethnic groups. It often involves analyzing historical documents, oral histories, and cultural practices.

Question 31

Negotiation

Answer 31

In the context of health care, negotiation refers to the process of reaching an agreement between health care providers and patients regarding treatment plans, preferences, and expectations. It involves active communication and collaboration to find mutually acceptable solutions.

Question 32

ethnocentrism

Answer 32

the belief that one’s own culture is superior to others, often leading to the evaluation of other cultures based on the standards and norms of one’s own culture.