Lecture 9/10 NS - EMG and Autonomic NS Flashcards
What is the function of an EMG?
Record AP occurring in skeletal muscle fibres, with same electrode as in ECG
How does EMG work?
The emf is recorded between 2 locations outside the cell -> so detects the difference between one part of the nerve and another part further down of the same nerve
What happens during tetanic contractions?
You can’t stop contracting as it causes an increase force
What are the 3 efferent outputs of the CNS?
Autonomic, Somatic (skeletal muscle) and neuroendocrine (growth, metabolism)
What does ANS control?
Exocrine glands, SM, cardiac muscle, metabolism, host defence
What are the 2 arms of the ANS?
Sympathetic (fight/flight) and parasympathetic (rest/digest)
What effect does the PSNS/SNS have on the heart?
SNS: Increase heart rate/contractility PSNS: Decrease contractility
What effect does the PSNS/SNS have on the small intestine?
SNS: Decrease gut motility PSNS: Gastrointestinal motility increased, and digestion enzymes secretion
What effect does the PSNS/SNS have on the pupil?
SNS: Dilate pupil PSNS: Narrow pupil
What are the principal targets and functions of the ANS?
NB: generally SNS/PSNS work in opposite functions BUT can have only one arm in some organs
Where do the PSNS nerves emerge from?
Craniosacral regions
What is the schematic of the ANS?
All autonomic nerves have a pre and post ganglionic neurons, just different lengths
How are PSNS neurons structured (from craniosacral region to effector organ)?
Long preganglionic and short postganglionic which lies very close to the organ that they are innervating
What is the NT of the PSNS?
ACh -> preganglionic nerves myelinated, post are not
Where do SNS nerves emerge from?
Thoracolumbar region
What is the schematic of ANS?
Short preganglionic and long postganglionic, forming sympathetic trunk-> one preganglionic influencing many postganglionic due to needing to activate many tissues at once
What is the NT of the ANS?
Preganglionic releases ACh, post ganglionic tends to release NA