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Zoology - Lecture 8 (Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular) > Lecture 8 - Part 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 - Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the largest organ system, that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

attachment site for sensory receptor to detect pain, sensation, pressure, and temperature

A

integumentary system

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3
Q

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

A

waterproof
cushion
protect the deeper tissues
excrete wastes
regulate temperature

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4
Q

has soft, delicate, and mucus-secreting gland epidermis, which secretes the – of the cell

A

Molluscs; calcium carbonate

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5
Q

Cephalopod molluscs (squids and octopuses) have developed a more complex integument that is a layer of reflecting cells called –

A

iridocytes

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6
Q

has the most complex – protection and support

A

Arthropods

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7
Q

The arthropod integument consists of a single-layered epidermis (more precisely called hypodermis), which secretes a complex cuticle of two zones which are the –

A

epicuticle and procuticle

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8
Q

outer, thin, nonchitinous cuticle

A

epicuticle

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9
Q

inner, thick, chitinous cuticle

A

procuticle

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10
Q

a crustacean’s (crabs and lobsters) cuticle is hardened by a process called –

A

calcification

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11
Q

an insect’s cuticle is hardened by a process called –

A

sclerotization

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12
Q

deposition of calcium carbonate in the outer layers of the procuticle.

A

calcification

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13
Q

cross-linking of procuticle proteins forming a
highly resistant and insoluble protein

A

sclerotization

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14
Q

a highly resistant and insoluble protein formed in sclerotization

A

sclerotin

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15
Q

arthropods undergo molting. What do you call the sloughed-off exoskeleton?

A

exuviae

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16
Q

thin, outer, stratified epithelial layer derived from ectoderm

A

epidermis

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17
Q

inner, thick layer, derived from mesoderm

A

dermis

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18
Q

the epidermis is derived from

A

ectoderm

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19
Q

the dermis is derived from

A

mesoderm

20
Q

known as the true skin

A

dermis

21
Q

the technical term for our skin

A

cutaneous membrane

22
Q

the inner lining of some organs and body cavities such as the respiratory organs

A

mucus membrane

23
Q

the inner lining of some organs and body cavities such as the respiratory organs

A

mucus membrane

24
Q

Functions of Skin

A
  • Protects from injuries
  • Acts as barrier and regulates what enters/leaves body.
  • Regulates body temperature.
  • Synthesizes, stores vitamins.
  • Sensory functions
25
Q

Structures of the Skin: EPIDERMIS

A
  • Upper layer of the skin
  • Thin
  • Avascular
  • Stratified squamous
26
Q

stratum basal is also known as

A

stratum germinavatum

27
Q

a sublayer of the epidermis in constant mitosis

A

stratum germinavatum

28
Q
  • Basal layer
  • Dividing cells
  • Good nutrient supply
  • Regeneration of skin
A

stratum germinavatum

29
Q
  • Living cells
  • Dividing
  • 8-10 cells thick
  • Polygonal in
    appearance
A

stratum spinosum

30
Q
  • Poor nutrient supply
  • Flatten layer of cells
  • 3-5 cells thick
  • No cell division
  • keratinization
A

stratum granulosum

31
Q
  • Found only in very thick skin
  • Translucent
  • Highly keratinized
  • Dead cells
A

stratum lucidum

32
Q
  • 25-30 cells thick
  • Cornified cells
  • Sloughed off
  • Outermost layer
A

Stratum Corneum

33
Q

Structure of the dermis

A

Irregular dense connective tissue
collagenous fibers

34
Q

the dermis is composed of

A
  • Sweat gland
  • Sebaceous gland
  • Arrector pili muscle
  • Blood vessels
35
Q

The layer of the dermis is a thin superficial layer of areolar tissue and heavily vascularized

A

papillary

36
Q

The layer of the dermis is about 80% of the dermis, a typical dense irregular connective tissue, and contains bundles of interlacing collagen fibers that run parallel to the skin surface.

A

reticular

37
Q

Consists of connective tissues (areolar & adipose).
Anchors skin to the underlying muscles

A

hypodermis (subcutaneous)

38
Q

two types of skin appendages

A

Dermal derivatives and Epidermal derivatives

39
Q

A dermal derivative that is also known as a dermal bone

A

ostracoderms

40
Q

types of dermal derivatives

A
  • dermal bone (ostracoderms)
  • placoid scale (chondrichthyes)
  • ganoid
  • leptoid
  • ctenoid scale
  • osteoderms
41
Q

A dermal derivative that is derived from embryonic nervous system

A

chromatophores

42
Q

A type of chromatophore responsible for the brown to black pigments

A

melanophores

43
Q

A type of chromatophore responsible for the yellow pigment

A

lipophores and xanthophores

44
Q

A type of chromatophore responsible for the red pigment

A

erythrophores

45
Q

A type of chromatophore responsible for the white pigment

A

guanophores

Zoology - Lecture 8 (Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular) (3 decks)

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