Lecture 8: Overexploitation Flashcards

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1
Q

Overexploitation

A

occurs when the harvest rate of any given population exceeds its natural replacement rate.

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2
Q

Pleistocene Overkill Hypothesis

A

the hypothesis that human expansions in the Pleistocene epoch (13,000 to 8,000 BCE) resulted in overhunting of many species of large, charismatic animals.

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3
Q

American/European Overexploitation

A
  • Slaughter of American Bison (fur trade, improved hunting with guns, government policy of killing to reduce food source for Native Americans)
  • Passenger Pigeon hunted to extinction (for meat)
  • Forest loss of timber
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4
Q

Modern Overexploitation

A
  • Hunting/Poaching
  • Timber
  • Fishing
  • Grazing
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5
Q

Poaching

A

illegal hunting, mostly for animal parts

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6
Q

Case Study: Primate Hunting in the Peruvian Amazon

A
Hunter Preference
-Spider Monkey
-Red Howler Monkey
-Brown Capuchin
Decline of Dominant Spider Monkeys led to increases of smaller monkeys.
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7
Q

Density Composition

A

increased abundance of one or several species in response to decreased abundance of another.
This can occur in response to the overexploitation of large-bodied animals, after which smaller-bodied animals may increase in abundance.

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8
Q

Defaunation

A

the selective loss of animals from an ecosystem

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