Lecture 8 - Oral cavity and Submandibular gland Flashcards
oral ulcer
- Could turn into cancer
- need to make sure you do a careful examination
- most of the time is benign
Why is this area important?
Oral ulcers Laryngitis Tonsillitis Cancers Trauma e.g piercing Orofacial cleft -examine everyday in GP office
Surface anatomy - IN EXAM
- Name every structure within the oral cavity
- frenulum of tongue,
- sublingual gland - sublingual canucle is the opening of this gland
- submandibular duct - where this drains
- opening of submandibular duct
- lingual vien, artery and nerve all run inferior surface of tounge
Palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal arch
Palatine tonsil
soft palate
uvula
need to know these
Tongue
- terminal sulucs, foramen cacum, folliate papillae
fungiform papillae filiform papillae in middle vallate papillae - is the V shape -pharngeal part -foreamen cecum - thyroid forms here
-Is an oral party, and then a pharangeal part
Bony structures that form the oral cavity?
- mainly mandible and maxilla
- roof of oral cavity - palatine fossa, maxiall forms main part of roof
- horozonetal plate of palatine bone
- some part of sphenoid is contribuitng to roof
roof - hard and soft palate
Floor- muscular diaphragm and tongue
Lateral walls - fascia adn layer of skeletal uscel
FLoor of oral cavity - Will be in exam weather to do with nerves or muscles or spaces
muscles which was part of suprahyoid region are contributing to the floor of the oral cavity
- DONT normally need to know attatchment, but if he tells us then need to know (so these ones)
- mylohyoid muscles - attatched to midline anteriorly, posteriorly - hyoid bone - lateral posterior border of hyoid edge is free has no attachment
- deep to this - geneohyoid - attatched to inferior mental spines (back of mandible)
- have genioglossus on top of geniohyoid - runs between superior hyoid spine to the hyoid bone - attatches to superior mental spine
- are some potential spaces
Superior and inferior mental spines - important because are muscle attachments for floor of oral cavity
Superior constrictor of pharynx , middle constrictor of pharyns and mylohoid - what does this form?
Pharynx forms by a bunch of muscles
- one is superior constrictor - this muscle pushes food down into oesophagus
- has a free edge, there is also posterior edge of mylohyoid
- there is a gap in the middle - called trianglular aperture - which is between the superior constrictor and middle constrictor
- all the nerves and arteries getting into the oral cavity go through the trianglular appeture
Tongue
formed by a bunch of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
Intrinsic - means origina and inseriton is within the tongue itslef
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue
-what are all muscles of tongue innovated by> excpet for one
important because the way they are attaching to the hyloid bone and palatine bone or styloid form lots of gaps between them - important structures running
- All muscles of tongue innovated by 12, except palatoglossus - vagus (10)
- everything origninating from palate is from numebr 10
Intrinsic muscles of the tongue
superior longitundial, inferiori longitudinal, vertical and transverse
Space numebr 1 and 2 between tongue muscle s
- Myohyloid and hyoglossus - cranial nerve 12 and lingual nerve, , deep lingual vien
- Between hyoglossus and geneoglossus - number 9 runs here - psoterior 1/3 of tonuge gets taste ,lingual artery, dorsal lingual vien
if cut hypoglossus then all tongue muscles gone
if cut lingual nerve - going to potential space number 1 - then because corda tympani nerve runs with this - will loose taste of tongue and general sensaiton of floor
Submandibular gland
Sits close to the two potential spaces
has 2 parts - superficial and deep - wrap along free edge of mylohyoid
-duct exits the deep part and drains to the oral cavity via side of frenulum
-if remove this - deep part sits in first potential space - the structure - lingual nerve, no. 12 nerve, deep artery
superificial to myohyoid - have superifical part of gland and have marginal mandibualr nerve
sublingual also sits in this potential space
Innovation of oral cavity
Sensory - special taste - chorda tympani, get general senstaion from lingual (anterior 2/3rds)
Posterior 1/3rs
-from glossopharanygeal nerve
All of the muscles - by numebr 12, except one
-palatoglossus - vagus neve 10
- myohyoid - V3
- geniohyoid - C1
Soft palate muscles and innervation
All innnovated by number 10, except for veli palatine (by V3)
Where does palatine tonsil sit?
stis between muscle - palatoglossus and palatopharygenus
greater palatine artery and nerve
come from greater palative foremane
Lymphatic drainage
region 1 and 2 are the main places which lymphatics drain to
-have to look for things in oral cavity e.g submandibular
Presentation - marginal mandibular nerve
LOOK AT THIS!
Contents to go through to get to submandibular gland
muscles close
strucutres runing across the gland
skin, subcutaneous fat, platysma, investing layer of deep cervical fascia
-myohyloid, hyoglossus, posterior belly of digastric
strcutures running across - facial vien facial artery, lumpoh nodes
nerves - marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve, hyoglossus and lingual
