Lecture 8 - Oral cavity and Submandibular gland

Question 1

oral ulcer

Answer 1

• Could turn into cancer
• need to make sure you do a careful examination
• most of the time is benign

Question 2

Why is this area important?

Answer 2

Oral ulcers
Laryngitis
Tonsillitis 
Cancers
Trauma e.g piercing
Orofacial cleft 
-examine everyday in GP office

Question 3

Surface anatomy - IN EXAM

Answer 3

• Name every structure within the oral cavity
• frenulum of tongue,
• sublingual gland - sublingual canucle is the opening of this gland
• submandibular duct - where this drains
• opening of submandibular duct
• lingual vien, artery and nerve all run inferior surface of tounge

Question 4

Palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal arch
Palatine tonsil
soft palate
uvula

Answer 4

need to know these

Question 5

Tongue

• terminal sulucs, foramen cacum, folliate papillae

Answer 5

fungiform papillae 
filiform papillae in middle
vallate papillae - is the V shape
-pharngeal part
-foreamen cecum - thyroid forms here 

-Is an oral party, and then a pharangeal part

Question 6

Bony structures that form the oral cavity?

Answer 6

• mainly mandible and maxilla
• roof of oral cavity - palatine fossa, maxiall forms main part of roof
• horozonetal plate of palatine bone
• some part of sphenoid is contribuitng to roof

roof - hard and soft palate
Floor- muscular diaphragm and tongue
Lateral walls - fascia adn layer of skeletal uscel

Question 7

FLoor of oral cavity - Will be in exam weather to do with nerves or muscles or spaces

Answer 7

muscles which was part of suprahyoid region are contributing to the floor of the oral cavity

• DONT normally need to know attatchment, but if he tells us then need to know (so these ones)
• mylohyoid muscles - attatched to midline anteriorly, posteriorly - hyoid bone - lateral posterior border of hyoid edge is free has no attachment
• deep to this - geneohyoid - attatched to inferior mental spines (back of mandible)
• have genioglossus on top of geniohyoid - runs between superior hyoid spine to the hyoid bone - attatches to superior mental spine
• are some potential spaces

Superior and inferior mental spines - important because are muscle attachments for floor of oral cavity

Question 8

Superior constrictor of pharynx , middle constrictor of pharyns and mylohoid - what does this form?

Answer 8

Pharynx forms by a bunch of muscles

• one is superior constrictor - this muscle pushes food down into oesophagus
• has a free edge, there is also posterior edge of mylohyoid
• there is a gap in the middle - called trianglular aperture - which is between the superior constrictor and middle constrictor
• all the nerves and arteries getting into the oral cavity go through the trianglular appeture

Question 9

Tongue

Answer 9

formed by a bunch of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles

Intrinsic - means origina and inseriton is within the tongue itslef

Question 10

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

-what are all muscles of tongue innovated by> excpet for one

Answer 10

important because the way they are attaching to the hyloid bone and palatine bone or styloid form lots of gaps between them - important structures running

• All muscles of tongue innovated by 12, except palatoglossus - vagus (10)
• everything origninating from palate is from numebr 10

Question 11

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 11

superior longitundial, inferiori longitudinal, vertical and transverse

Question 12

Space numebr 1 and 2 between tongue muscle s

Answer 12

1. Myohyloid and hyoglossus - cranial nerve 12 and lingual nerve, , deep lingual vien
2. Between hyoglossus and geneoglossus - number 9 runs here - psoterior 1/3 of tonuge gets taste ,lingual artery, dorsal lingual vien

if cut hypoglossus then all tongue muscles gone

if cut lingual nerve - going to potential space number 1 - then because corda tympani nerve runs with this - will loose taste of tongue and general sensaiton of floor

Question 13

Submandibular gland

Answer 13

Sits close to the two potential spaces

has 2 parts - superficial and deep - wrap along free edge of mylohyoid
-duct exits the deep part and drains to the oral cavity via side of frenulum

-if remove this - deep part sits in first potential space - the structure - lingual nerve, no. 12 nerve, deep artery

superificial to myohyoid - have superifical part of gland and have marginal mandibualr nerve

sublingual also sits in this potential space

Question 14

Innovation of oral cavity

Answer 14

Sensory - special taste - chorda tympani, get general senstaion from lingual (anterior 2/3rds)

Posterior 1/3rs
-from glossopharanygeal nerve

All of the muscles - by numebr 12, except one
-palatoglossus - vagus neve 10

• myohyoid - V3
• geniohyoid - C1

Question 15

Soft palate muscles and innervation

Answer 15

All innnovated by number 10, except for veli palatine (by V3)

Question 16

Where does palatine tonsil sit?

Answer 16

stis between muscle - palatoglossus and palatopharygenus

Question 17

greater palatine artery and nerve

Answer 17

come from greater palative foremane

Question 18

Lymphatic drainage

Answer 18

region 1 and 2 are the main places which lymphatics drain to
-have to look for things in oral cavity e.g submandibular

Question 19

Presentation - marginal mandibular nerve

Answer 19

LOOK AT THIS!

Question 20

Contents to go through to get to submandibular gland
muscles close

strucutres runing across the gland

Answer 20

skin, subcutaneous fat, platysma, investing layer of deep cervical fascia

-myohyloid, hyoglossus, posterior belly of digastric

strcutures running across - facial vien facial artery, lumpoh nodes

nerves - marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve, hyoglossus and lingual