Lecture 8 - Harm Flashcards

1
Q

equation for incidence

A

NEW cases / # people at RISK;

in a specified period of time

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2
Q

prevalence equation

A

EXISTING cases / TOTAL # people

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3
Q

what kind of study calculates incidence?

A

cohort

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4
Q

case fatality equation

A

people dying due to disease / # people WITH DISEASE

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5
Q

attack rate equation:

A

people CONTRACTING a disease / # people AT RISK

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6
Q

Cohort vs Case control:
which is better (ie higher at heirarchy of eveidence)?
which starts with patients that are the same (ie don’t have disease)?
which starts with patients with disease vs control?

A

cohort;
cohort (ie think o and o are same);
case control (think A and O are different)

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7
Q
cohort vs case control:
which assess exposure status?
which assess outcome based off of exposure?
which can find incidence?
which is associated with recall bias?
A

exposure status = case control;
outcome = cohort;
incidence = cohort;
recall bias = case control

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8
Q

cohort vs case control:
which uses ODDs ratio?
which uses relative risk?

A

case control;

cohort (ie think o and o are related)

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9
Q

in a harm 2 x 2 table, with disease on top and exposure on the side, relative risk uses _____ (ie rows or columns), while ODDs ratio uses _____

A

rows (think Rows for Relative Risk);

columns

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10
Q

a ____ of 3.0 means outcome occurs 3 times more often in those exposed vs unexposed

A

RR

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11
Q

when discussing Harm, we expect RR to be ___ Than 1

A

greater

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12
Q

an ____ of 3.0 means that diseased patients were 3 times more likely to have been exposed than were control patients

A

OR

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13
Q

equation for attributable risk

A

AR = risk of disease in exposed - risk of diseased in unexposed

also equal to (RR-1)/RR

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14
Q

equation for number needed to harm

A

1 / AR

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15
Q

to be an meaningful result, odds ratio (case control) should be greater than ____;

Relative risk (cohort) should be greater than _____

A

4;

3

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