Lecture 8: Gender, Governance + Transformations nog niet af

Question 1

Why address gender in Post-conflict societies?

Answer 1

• Justice/ rights based argpuments:
• women suffer specific forms of violence in conflict
• Human rights:
• non-discrimination + equality
• Instrumentalist/ economic arguments:
• GBV/ gender inequality as economic burden
• take advantage of women’s economic capacities

Question 2

Evolution of gender in development programming can be tracked through 3 phases

Answer 2

1. Woman in Development (WID)- 1970s
2. Woman and Development (WAD)- second half of 1970s
3. Gender and Development (GAD) 1980s

Question 3

Woman in Development (WID) 1970s

Answer 3

objective:
to integrate women more effectively into economic systems

approach:
emphasized a ‘‘technological fix’’ to address gender disparities such as works loads _ increasing skills and participation

Question 4

Woman and Development (WAD) second half 1970s

Answer 4

Objective:
to focus on relationship between women and development programming

approach:
placed greater emphasis on class+ global inequality, drawing from theory
Aimed to address + end global inequalities

Question 5

Gender and Development (GAD)- 1980s

Answer 5

objective:
to take a more holistic approach by considering gender
(not limited to aspect of social, economic and political life, both public and private)

approach:
Regognized women as agents of change rather than passive recipients to the transformation of structures and institutions to achieve gender equality, rather than integrating women into existing systems.

Question 6

Importants of shifts of women and devlopment!

Answer 6

These shift reflect:
* a growing understanding of complexities of gender dynamics and the need for more comprehensive approaches to address inequalities.

The GAD approach, in particular,
emphasizes importance of
* empowering women
* and transforming social norms and institutions to achieve lasting gender equality + development