Lecture 8: Emotion in Cognitive processing

Question 1

Define emotion

Answer 1

A feeling state characterized by physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and a cognitive interpretation

Question 2

Physiological components of emotion

Answer 2

Heart Rate
Breathing Rate
Sweating

Question 3

Expressive components of emotion

Answer 3

Facial expressions
Body movements
Voice

Question 4

Cognitive components of emotion

Answer 4

Beliefs

Appraisal

Question 5

Two arousal states of the autonomic nervous system (ANS):

Answer 5

1. Sympathetic (close to spine) = Fight or flight (SNS)
2. Parasympathetic (further away) = Calming down (PSNS);
   ‘rest and digest’ or ‘feed and breed’.

Question 6

Sympathetic nervous system functions:

fight or flight

Answer 6

dilates pupils
inhibits salivation
increases respiration
accelerates heartbeat
stimulates glucose release
secretes adrenaline & noradrenaline
inhibits digestion
relaxes bladder
inhibits genitals

Question 7

Parasympathetic nervous system functions:

rest and digest or feed and breed

Answer 7

constricts pupils
stimulates salivation
slows respiration
slows heartbeat
stimulates gall bladder
stimulates digestion
contracts bladder
stimulates genitals

Question 8

Typical physiological measures on ANS / SNS functions:

Answer 8

Galvanic Skin Response
Pulse, blood pressure
Startle response
Breathing
Fidgeting

Question 9

James-Lange Theory:

Answer 9

First you feel rapid heart beat, sweating/flee > Feel Emotion.
James: Physiological Arousal causes emotion.
Lange: Physiological Arousal IS the emotion.

However:
Visceral responses can occur without emotions.
Emotions can occur without visceral response.

Question 10

Duchenne muscle groups:

Answer 10

Frown: corrugator muscle involved in frown.
Smile: orbicularis oculi and zygomaticus major.

Question 11

Amygdala and fear:

Answer 11

Amygdala important for conditioning to fear; anticipation / detection of threat.
Amygdala not necessary for experiencing emotions (fear/panic); brain structures that bypass amygdala can also evoke fear.

Question 12

Two-Factor Theory:

Answer 12

Emotion is arousal + cognition
Emotion only occurs if:
a. Body is aroused
b. A reason for arousal is located
c. The labeling of arousal determines emotion
d. Arousal w/o cognition leads to no emotion