Lecture 8 Flashcards
What3words?
Claim 75% of the world has poor addressing
Divided the globe up into 57 trillion 3m x 3m squares
Each square has a three-word address
Easy to remember
Quicker to communicate
Map design
Purpose or agenda What will be mapped Target audience Representing reality Projection Spatial referencing Features and data types Scale Generalisation Symbology Annotation
Cartograms
Uses a thematic variable as a substitute for land area or distance.
e.g a country size according to Wealth in 2002
What is a cartogram?
“A cartogram can be thought of as a map in which at least one aspect of scale, such as distance or area, is deliberately distorted to be proportional to a variable of interest.”
Characteristics of a cartogram
Relative values of objects on a map are reflected on the size of the area.
Easier to assess when compared to trying to translate the shades of colour into rates and then to imagine what they imply?
Improves visual communication
A cartogram is a type of graphic that depicts attributes of…
geographic objects as the object’s area. Because a cartogram does not depict geographic space, but rather changes the size of objects depending on a certain attribute, a cartogram is not a true map.
Cartograms vary on their degree in which…
geographic space is changed; some appear very similar to a map, however some look nothing like a map at all.
There are three main types of cartograms, each have a very different way of showing attributes of geographic objects-
Non-contiguous
Contiguous
Dorling cartograms.
Geographic object definition
Some thing that exists in geographic space, like a country, a city, a river or a house.
Attribute definition
Some characteristic of a geographic object; such as a country’s population, its literacy rate, or Gross National Product.
Related representations from other disciplines: Sensory Homunculus
Homunculus used in medical science
Portrays the human body in terms of the degree of sensitivity: the skin is rescaled in proportion to even out number of nerve endings
Other geovisualisations
3D Visualisation, animation, augmented reality
More natural or realistic visualisation of spatial data
Can place you in the environment
E.g. Used for stakeholder feedback and consultation in urban planning
Animation useful for temporal change
Flow mapping example
Flight paths
Two types of non-contiguous cartograms
Overlapping and non-overlapping
Dorling and Dorling-like cartograms
Graduated symbol map (square icons) Demers cartogram (squares) Dorling cartogram (circles)
