Lecture 7a Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between obstructive and restrictive respiratory disorders.

A

Obstructive is having problems with expiration and restrictive is having problems with inspiration.

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2
Q

Explain how increased RV(Residual volume) (which leads to TLC) results from obstructive respiratory disorder

A

It results because air remains in the lungs, causing hyperinflation and thus leading to an increased RV

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3
Q

How is PEFR and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio affected in obstructive disorders

A

Decreased PEFR and FEV1 therefore a FEV1/FVC ratio that’s lesser than normal (70%)

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4
Q

Is it true that asthma is irreversible?

A

No it is fully reversible either spontaneously or with medication administration

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5
Q

What are the two types of asthma

A

Extrinsic (allergic stimuli) and intrinsic (non - allergic stimuli)

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6
Q

What is the difference between the two types of asthma

A

Intrinsic is adult onset and usually stimulated by resp.tract infections
Extrinsic is childhood onset and is triggered by allergic reaction for e.g to pollen

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7
Q

In a reversibility challenge

What does is mean if (PostFEV1-PreFEV1/PreFEV1) × 100 is greater than 12%

A

It means the reversibility is significant and the patient has asthma

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8
Q

Is Exercise-induced asthma/bronchoconstriction permanent

A

No it only lasts for a short time

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9
Q

How would you describe Emphysema

A

As the enlargement of airsacs

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10
Q

Is emphysema reversible?

A

No it’s irreversible

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11
Q

Mention a few effects of emphysema

A

Loss of recoil si the lungs can’t go back to their original shame therefore a struggle with expiration. Dyspnea(difficulty in breathing)
Loss of capillary bed and therefore hypoxia

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12
Q

What is the effect of elastase on alveolar wall

A

Elastase breaks down elastin which makes up alveolar wall hence leading to emphysema

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13
Q

Give an example of a protease inhibitor that can reduce the effects of elastase on elastin which can cause emphysema

A

Alpha 1-antitrypsin

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