Lecture 7a Flashcards
What is the difference between obstructive and restrictive respiratory disorders.
Obstructive is having problems with expiration and restrictive is having problems with inspiration.
Explain how increased RV(Residual volume) (which leads to TLC) results from obstructive respiratory disorder
It results because air remains in the lungs, causing hyperinflation and thus leading to an increased RV
How is PEFR and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio affected in obstructive disorders
Decreased PEFR and FEV1 therefore a FEV1/FVC ratio that’s lesser than normal (70%)
Is it true that asthma is irreversible?
No it is fully reversible either spontaneously or with medication administration
What are the two types of asthma
Extrinsic (allergic stimuli) and intrinsic (non - allergic stimuli)
What is the difference between the two types of asthma
Intrinsic is adult onset and usually stimulated by resp.tract infections
Extrinsic is childhood onset and is triggered by allergic reaction for e.g to pollen
In a reversibility challenge
What does is mean if (PostFEV1-PreFEV1/PreFEV1) × 100 is greater than 12%
It means the reversibility is significant and the patient has asthma
Is Exercise-induced asthma/bronchoconstriction permanent
No it only lasts for a short time
How would you describe Emphysema
As the enlargement of airsacs
Is emphysema reversible?
No it’s irreversible
Mention a few effects of emphysema
Loss of recoil si the lungs can’t go back to their original shame therefore a struggle with expiration. Dyspnea(difficulty in breathing)
Loss of capillary bed and therefore hypoxia
What is the effect of elastase on alveolar wall
Elastase breaks down elastin which makes up alveolar wall hence leading to emphysema
Give an example of a protease inhibitor that can reduce the effects of elastase on elastin which can cause emphysema
Alpha 1-antitrypsin