Lecture 71 - Drugs as tools to understanding biology

Question 1

Drugs can target:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Therefore ________is the key

Answer 1

Drugs can target:

receptors
Enzymes
Ion channels
Transporters

Therefore selectivity is the key

Question 2

Reserpine was used to treat

Answer 2

hypertension

Question 3

reserpine acts to prevent _________from entering the ________ ______ by inhibiting the _________.

dopamine is therefore degraded

Answer 3

reseprine acts to prevent dopamine from entereding the synaptic vesiscles by inhibiting the transporter.

dopamine is therefore degraded

Question 4

Co-transmission can occur from parasympathtic nerves can be achieved with the release of ________and _______ ______ ________ (VIP), in addition to ACh

Answer 4

Co-transmission can occur from parasympathtic nerves can be achieved with the release of Noradrenaline and Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP),m in addition to ACh

Question 5

The drug,_______ revealed presence of pre-junctional recpetors that modulate neurotransmitter release

Answer 5

Clonidine revealed presence of pre-junctional recpetors that modulate neurotransmitter release

Question 6

True or False:

The target of cyclosporin (immuno-suppressor) is Calcineurin.

Answer 6

True

The target of cyclosporin (immuno-suppressor) is Calcineurin.

But!

acts via immunophilin - which directly inhibits calcuneirum and that NFAT = less IL-2

Question 7

Calcineurin is an example of a drug that has contributed to the understanding of biology through the use as a organ rejection mitigator. What aspect of the mechanism was found after the drug was established?

Answer 7

Calcineurin induces different transcription factors (NFATs) that are important in the transcription of IL-2 genes. IL-2 activates T-helper lymphocytes and induces the production of other cytokines.