Lecture 7 - Trends in the Periodic Table Flashcards
what are the properties of Alkali metals?
they react strongly with oxygen to make compounds that become alkaline solutions when dissolved in water. +1 ions
what are the properties of Alkalike Earth metals?
strongly reactive, not as much as 1A. +2 ions
what are the properties of Transition metals?
elements won’t always give up the same number of electrons = different oxidation states. several different charges
what are the properties of Lanthanides & Actinides?
Lanthanides : 58-71. Actinides: 90-103. Actinides are radioactive, any element past #92 is trans-uranic/very radioactive
what are the properties of Halogens?
diatomic molecules = elements bonded to themselves (ex. not F, but F-F) -1 ions.
what are the properties of Noble Gases?
met octet rule, inert/typically do not react with other elements. heavier elements have limited reactivity
what do Metalloids do on the periodic table?
split the periodic table by metals (on the left) and nonmetals (on the right)
definition of ductible
can be pulled (into wire)
definition of malleable
can be flattened into thin sheets
properties of metals
metallic luster, malleable, ductible, hardness variable. heat and electricity conductant. solids at room temp EXCEPT for Mercury. varied chemical reactivity.
properties of metalloids
brittle, metallic luster. semiconductors (conducts but not as well as metals)
properties of nonmetals
brittle, dull. insulators (does not conduct electricity or heat). varied chemical reactivity. MOSTLY compounds instead of pure elements. mostly gases, some solid at room temperature, ONLY Br2 is liquid (diatomic bromine)
how many times can carbon covalently bond to itself?
4 times
on the periodic table, the size of atoms increases…
down columns (valence electrons are farther away from positively charged nuclei)
on the periodic table, the size of atoms decreases…
from right to left across periods (number of protons in nucleus increases)
