Lecture 7- Systematic nomenclature of small molecules

Question 1

What are carbocycles?

Answer 1

Rings made of carbon atoms

Question 2

Draw cyclopropane

Answer 2

Question 3

Draw cyclobutane

Answer 3

Question 4

Draw cyclopentane

Answer 4

Question 5

Draw cyclohexane

Answer 5

Question 6

Cyclopropene

Answer 6

Question 7

Name this molecule

Answer 7

cyclobutandiene

Question 8

Name this molecule

Answer 8

cyclopentadiene

Question 9

What is a heterocycle?

Answer 9

Cyclic molecules which contain hetero atoms- o, s, p, n, etc.

Question 10

Draw Oxirane

Answer 10

Question 11

Draw Oxitane

Answer 11

Question 12

Draw furan

Answer 12

Question 13

Draw tetrahydrofuran

Answer 13

Question 14

Draw Pyrrole

Answer 14

Question 15

Draw pyrrolidine

Answer 15

Question 16

Draw pyridine

Answer 16

Question 17

Draw piperidine

Answer 17

Question 18

When considering the formation of rings we must think about two factors. What are they?

Answer 18

Probability/entropy- the bigger the ring size, the less likely it is to form (less likely that the ends will meet). Smaller rings are therefore favoured.

Ring strain- smaller the ring, smaller the bond angle (we want a bond angle as big as possible due to repulsion and stability). smaller rings= disfavoured.

Question 19

In general, give the rate of formation of rings

Answer 19

5>6>3»4

Question 20

Compare the reactivity between different sized rings.

Answer 20

5 and 6 member rings are usually stable. 3 and 4 member rings are susceptible to the ring opening due to ring strain. More reactive.

Question 21

…caine

Answer 21

local anaesthetic

Question 22

…azepam

Answer 22

benzodiazepine

Question 23

…navir

Answer 23

anti retroviral

Question 24

…olol

Answer 24

beta blocker

Question 25

…mab

Answer 25

nonoclonal antibody

Question 26

…ase

Answer 26

enzyme

Question 27

substituent for methane CH4

Answer 27

R-CH3 methyl

Question 28

Substituent for ethane CH3CH3

Answer 28

R-CH2CH3 ethyl

Question 29

Substituents for benzene C6H6

Answer 29

phenyl R-C6H5