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SL12101 Chemistry of drugs Y1 > Lecture 6 - Identification of common functional groups and drawing > Flashcards

Lecture 6 - Identification of common functional groups and drawing Flashcards

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1
Q

What is wrong with this drawing?

A

Carbon has Sp3 hybridisation, with a bond angle of 109.5. This makes drawing does not represent that and makes the bond angle look 90 degrees.

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2
Q

Give 5 ways of drawing ethanol

A
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3
Q

What is -R?

A

alkyl group

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4
Q

What is -Ar

A

aromatic group

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5
Q

Draw alcohol

A
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6
Q

Draw aldehyde

A
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7
Q

Draw aldehyde

A
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8
Q

What is another name for ethanal?

A

Acetaldehyde

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9
Q

Draw carboxylic acid

A
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10
Q

What are two other names for ethanoic acid?

A

acetic acid and vinegar

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11
Q

How do we get from an alcohol to an aldehyde?

A

oxidation

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12
Q

How do we get from an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid?

A

oxidation

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13
Q

draw an ester- methyl ester

A
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14
Q

How do we get an ester?

A

condensation reaction between carboxylic acid and alcohol.

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15
Q

What is the hybridisation of carbon in an ester?

A

Sp2 hybridised, trigonal planar shape, 120 bond angle.

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16
Q

Draw an ether- diethylether. How is it formed?

A

reaction of two alcohols

17
Q

Draw a ketone. What is the hybridisation in the ketone?

A

sp2, trigonal planar.

18
Q

Draw a lactone- the delta lactone. Why is it called delta lactone?

A

Because the oxygen is bonded to the delta carbon.

19
Q

When does a carboxylate ion form? Draw the general reaction.

A

A carboxylic acid is deprotonated by the base to form a carboxylate ion

20
Q

Draw ethanethiol. Give a property of thiols

A

THEY STINK!

21
Q

Draw disulphide bridge

A
22
Q

Draw an amine. Describe their shape.

A

N is sp3 hybridised, so trigonal pyramidal with a lone pair available. Basic.

23
Q

Draw an amide. Why are their lone pairs not available?

A

N is sp2 hybridised. Mesomeric effect: lone pairs are not available, as they are smeared towards the carbonyl group. Not basic.

24
Q

Draw delta lactam.

A
25
Q

Draw a nitrile. Describe shape

A
  • linear because carbon is sp hybridised. Bond angle= 180
26
Q

draw alpha amino acid. Why is it alpha amino acid?

A

NH2 is bonded to the alpha carbon

27
Q

Draw beta amino acid.

A
28
Q

Draw B lactam

A
29
Q

What is the pKa of HCl?

A

-7

30
Q

What is the pKa of methane

A

~50

31
Q

pKa of carboxylic acids

A

~5

32
Q

pKa of phenol

A

~10

33
Q

pKa of alcohols

A

~15

34
Q

pKa of conj acid of amines

A

~10

35
Q

pKa of conj acid of phenylamines

A

~5

SL12101 Chemistry of drugs Y1 (20 decks)

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