Lecture 7 - Paleocene & Eocene

Question 1

Paleocene

radiation of Plesiadapiforms

Answer 1

stem primates - extremely close relatives of living primates but have features leading us to believe they are not primate
- believed to have stemmed off right before last common ancestor of crown primates

Question 2

Eocene

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

Answer 2

5 digits is the primitive conditions, some groups derived with reduced number of digits
- difference in where central axis of bone goes (btwn or through toe bone)

Question 3

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

Paraxonic

Answer 3

central axis of bone goes between two toes
- artiodactyl, even number of toes
- ex: pigs

Question 4

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

mesaxonic

Answer 4

central axis of bone goes through one toe
- perissodactyls, odd number of toes
- ex: rhino, horses
-

Question 5

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

current artiodactyls

Answer 5

camels, pigs & peccaries, antelopes, hippos, whales

Question 6

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

eocene artiodactyls

Answer 6

diacodexis

Question 7

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

eocene perissodactyls

Answer 7

early eocene - hyracotherium (chihuahua size, forested environment)

Question 8

Artiodactyls & Perissodactyls

middle eocene, crazy extinct kinds of perissodactyls

Answer 8

brontotheres - rhino sized
chalicotheres - bigger than apes but walked/looked like apes
- longer forelimbs than hindlimbs
- walked on “knuckles” - curled hooves

Question 9

primates in eocene

Answer 9

last common ancestor of primates lived in eocene

Question 10

primates in eocene

two major groups of primates in eocene

Answer 10

Adapids - larger body, leaf-eating, day activity
- lemur like

Omomyids - smaller body, insect eating, nocturnal
- tarsier like
-

Question 11

methane clathrate/hydrate

Answer 11

methane entombed inw ater/ice structure in the deep ocean floor
- released as methane gas at warmed temps
- positive feedback loop