Lecture 7 MSK Theme - Introduction to MSK Flashcards
What are the primary functions of the MSK?
Support
Stability
Locomotion
What are some other functions of the MSK?
Bone for calcium storage and haematopoiesis.
What is haematopoiesis?
Blood cell production.
What are some symptoms and presenting problems with MSK system?
Unsteadiness
Reduced motility
Joint pain and swelling
Fatigue
Falls
High or low calcium levels
Reduced or abnormally elevated blood counts
Describe decrease muscle mass during MSK ageing.
Known as sarcopenia due to reduced growth hormone levels and neuronal degradation. This leads to muscle death and impaired protein synthesis.
Sarcopenia affects 10% of over 65, 50% have it in care homes.
Describe reduced bone mass/density during MSK ageing.
Known as osteoporosis due to increased bone restoration and reduced bone formation.
Affects 3 million people in the UK.
Describe loss of articular cartilage during MSK ageing.
Known as osteoarthritis due to joint instability.
Affects 30% of people 45+ in the UK.
Describe the change in gait seen with MSK ageing.
Reduced gait speed and reduced stride length.
What does MSK ageing lead to?
Frailty and people are more liable to falls and fractures.
What is osteoarthritis a disorder of?
The repair of synovial joints.
What are synovial joints?
The joints between bones that move against each other.
What is OA characterised by?
Loss of cartilage, osteophytes, capsular fibrosis (thickening of the joint capsule) and low level inflammation.
What are some risk factors for OA?
Age
Genetics
Obesity
Trauma
Repetitive abnormal loads
What is a hallmark of OA?
New bone grows in an attempt to stabilise the joint. Bone outgrowths on fingers are a hallmark of OA, usually presenting bilaterally.
