Lecture 7: Immunological Disorders Flashcards
Which Type of Hypersensitivity is Cell-Mediated?
Type IV Hypersensitivity is Cell Mediated
What Types of Hypersensitivity are Humoral-Mediated (antibody dependent)?
Type I, II, and III
IgE, mast cells and Basophils are involved in what type of Hypersensitivity?
Hypersensitivity Type I
Hay Fever, allergic rhinititis, and bronchial asthma are all examples of Hypersensitivity Type ___
Type I: Local (atropy)
A food or drug allergy that could result in anaphylaxis is what type of hypersensitivity?
Type 1: Systemic
What are the early phase inflammatory mediators in Type I Hypersensitivity?
Histamine and Serotonin
What are the Late Phase inflammatory mediators in Type I hypersensitivity?
Leukotrienes and Prostaglandins
Which type of Hypersensitivity is mediated by antibodies against antigens on self cells or tissues?
Hypersensitivity Type II
Transfusion rxns, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and Erthroblastosis fetalis are all examples of Hypersensitivity Type _____
Type II
What mechanisms are involved in Hypersensitivity Type II?
- Complement-dependent reactions: cell lysis and opsonization
- ADCC
Allergic contact dermatitis (eczma), tuberculin-rxn, and granulomatous hypersensitivity (leprosy) are all examples of hypersensitivity Type ____
Type IV
What hypersensitivity is characterized by the over production of cytokines from Th1 and thus over stimulation of macrophages leading to tissue damage?
Hypersensitivity Type IV
What type of Hypersensitivity is mediated by antibodies-antigen complex (immunocomplex-mediated)?
Type III
What is the Systemic form of Type III Hypersensitivity?
- formation of immunocomplexes in circulation
- deposition into various tissues (facilitated by blood mast cells)
- Tissue destruction by discharge of neutrophils granule content
Serum sickness, glomerlonephritis, and arthritis are all examples of Hypersensitivity Type _____
Type III: Systemic
Farmers Lung is an example of what type of Hypersensitivity?
Type III: Local (arthus rxn)
-local formation and deposition of immunocomplexes
Graves Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lopus erythmatosus (SLE), Sjogren Syndrome, and Rheumatic Heart fever are all examples of __________
Autoimmunity Disorders
What is Autoimmunity?
Reaction to Self-antigens
systemic or organ-specific
What are the mechanisms involved in Autoimmunity?
- Modification of self antigen
- Molecular Mimicry
- Polyclonal activation/superantigens
- Imbalance of T-reg function
- Emergency sequestered antigens
What are Primary Immunodeficiencys?
B-cell (antibody) deficiencies (X-linked, IgA deficiency)
T-cell Deficiencies
B & T-cell immunodeficiency (SCID)
Phagocytic disorders (chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
Complement disorders: C3 Deficiency
What are Secondary Immunodeficiencys?
(things that make you more susceptible) Immature & newborn Metabolic disorders Immunosupressive agents Infections (HIV) Infiltration and hematologic diseases (sarciodosis & leukemia) Surgery & trauma Malnutrition
