LECTURE 7 (Endomembrane, Semi-auto)

Question 1

Consists of a stack of flattened, membranous sacs.

Answer 1

Golgi complex

Question 2

It is the end of the organelle where substances enter from the endoplasmic reticulum for processing and is found near the transitional region of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

Cis Face (Golgi bodies)

Question 3

It is found on the side of the Golgi Apparatus that sends vesicles off to other locations within the cell.

Answer 3

Trans face (Golgi bodies)

Question 4

What can you see on Golgi Dynamics in plants using Green Fluorescent protein (GFP)

Answer 4

• Strong cytoplasmic streaming
• fainter dots that secrete protein from the Golgi-derived vesicles
• Bright blobs = Golgi
• Golgi transiently dock next to the plasma membrane, where they bud off vesicles for exocytosis.

Question 5

A process by which a cell breaks down and destroys old, damaged, or abnormal proteins and other substances in its cytoplasm. In other words, organelles that are old and/or not functioning correctly.

Answer 5

Autophagy

Question 6

Vacuoles functions in plants and fungi:

Answer 6

• turgor pressure for cell enlargement
• storage of nutrients
• maintain ion gradients
• digest waste products like lysosomes
• sometimes contain pigments

Question 7

Although surrounded by membranes, they are not part of the endomembrane system because they do not send or receive vesicles.

Answer 7

Semi-autonomous Organelles

Question 8

Organelle that carries out cellular respiration and supplies most of cell’s ATP.

Answer 8

Mitochondria

Question 9

A chlorophyll-containing organelle where photosynthesis occurs, found only in plants and algae (algae protists).

Answer 9

Chloroplast

Question 10

Mitochondria and Chloroplast have in common that involved in generation and usage of bioenergy.

Answer 10

• Both use electrochemical reactions
• Both have internal membranes with extensive folding to increase the surface area of the energy producing machinery.