Lecture 7 Flashcards
1
Q
Extraneous variable
A
-a variable other than the independent and dependent variables
2
Q
What is manipulation of the independent variable
A
- changing the variable so that different groups are exposed to different levels of the variable or so that the same group is exposed to different levels of the variable
3
Q
Two types of manipulation
A
- single factor two-level design
- single factor multi level design
4
Q
How do you deal with extraneous variables?
A
- try and ensure it is held constant to reduce the “noise” it produces
5
Q
Confounding variable
A
- extraneous variable that differs systematically with the independent variable
6
Q
Between-Subjects Design
A
- each participant only tested in one condition
- participants randomly assigned so that groups are as similar as possible
7
Q
Random Assignment
A
Two criteria
- each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to each condition
- sequence of assignment to each group is completed before any of the previous groups is repeated ( persons 1,2, and 3 assigned to conditions 1,2, and 3 respectively)
8
Q
Matched Groups
A
- participants in the conditions are matched based on the dependent or some extraneous variable
- helps control for extraneous variables
9
Q
Within-Subjects Design
A
- each participant is tested under all conditions
-controls extraneous participant variables well
10
Q
Simultaneous Within-Subjects Designs
A
- participants make multiple responses in each condition
11
Q
What is meant by Validity?
A
- whether the study is accurate
12
Q
Internal validity
A
- the extent to which a piece of evidence supports a claim about cause and effect (in context of this experiment)
13
Q
External Validity
A
- the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized outside of the study to other situations, people, times…
14
Q
Construct Validity
A
- degree to which a test measures what it should be measuring
15
Q
Statistical Validity
A
- the extent to which the conclusions drawn from a statistical test are accurate and reliable
