Lecture 7

Question 1

A voltage measurable on a body or other biological system

Answer 1

Biopotential

Question 2

ECG

Answer 2

Electrocardiogram

Question 3

EMG

Answer 3

Electromyogram

Question 4

EEG

Answer 4

Electroencephalgram

Question 5

Biopotentials are produced by:

Answer 5

the combined effect of chemical activity of large numbers of excitable cells

Question 6

Example of Muscle Contractive Tissue Biopotentials:

Answer 6

Cardiac Muscle, Skeletal Muscle, Smooth Muscle

Question 7

Examples of Sensory and Motor Nerve Biopotentials:

Answer 7

Somatic Nervous System and Automatic Nervous System

Question 8

Examples of Nerves in the central nervous system biopotentials:

Answer 8

Brain, Spinal Cord, Retina(Eye), Cochlea(Ear)

Question 9

By default, excitable cells are:

Answer 9

At resting voltage

Question 10

When excited, excitable cells produce an

Answer 10

Action Potential

Question 11

Transmembrane potential of a cell arises due to differences in __________ as well as _________ across the membrane.

Answer 11

Ionic concentrations;diffusion

Question 12

At rest, the net transport of ions across the membrane is:

Answer 12

zero

Question 13

Factors influencing flow of ions across the cell membrane

Answer 13

Diffusion gradients
Inwardly directed electric field
Membrane Structure
Active transports of ion across membrane

Question 14

NERNST Equation

Answer 14

Ek = (RT/nF)*ln(K0/Ki)

Question 15

A Nernst potential can only be measured as a voltage potential across the membrane if the membrane is:

Answer 15

permeable to that ion type

Question 16

The cell membrane is a very thin lipoprotein that is essentially:

Answer 16

inpermeable to organic protein and other organic anions

Question 17

Ion transport because of diffusion gradients across a permeable membrane gives rise to a _________ and thus _______ across the membrane

Answer 17

net charge; a voltage

Question 18

Action Potential increases :

Answer 18

permeability of sodium

Question 19

An adequate stimulus is one that brings about the:

Answer 19

depolarization of a cell membrane that is sufficient to exceed its threshold potential