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CS4105 Advanced Communication Networks and Systems > Lecture 7: 12th November 2019 > Flashcards

Lecture 7: 12th November 2019 Flashcards

Software-Defined Networking

1
Q

What is SDN?

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2
Q

Why is there hype around SDN?

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3
Q

What does SDN do?

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4
Q

Why does making features in networking hardware take so long?

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5
Q

Why is the current implementation of the Internet poor?

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6
Q

How do commercial interests impede innovation and modification of the Internet?

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7
Q

What are the main problems with understanding, managing, and designing networks?

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8
Q

What does it mean to say networking is an artifact and not a discipline?

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9
Q

What is the control plane of networks?

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10
Q

What were the goals of the control planes in early networks?

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11
Q

What is the data plane?

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12
Q

What is the management plane/

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13
Q

How are the data plane and control plane different?

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14
Q

How do the timescales of operations by the different network planes compare?

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15
Q

What is the difference between routing and forwarding@

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16
Q

Which network planes perform routing and forwarding@

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17
Q

What are streaming algorithms?

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18
Q

What is the function of streaming algorithms in the data plane?

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19
Q

What is the main goal of network management? What are its additional goals?

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20
Q

What is access control?

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21
Q

What is isolation?

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22
Q

What is traffic engineering?

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23
Q

How did access control work before SDN?

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24
Q

How did isolation work before SDN?

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25
Q

How did traffic engineering work before SDN?

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26
Q

What are the two main methods of traffic engineering (prior to SDN)?

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27
Q

What is MPLS?

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28
Q

What is OSPF?

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29
Q

What is Inter-domain configuration?

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30
Q

Why would traditional Inter-domain config not work at scale?

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31
Q

What is the current difference between the aims of work on networking now and other disciplines?

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32
Q

What is the bus factor?

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33
Q

How is the bus factor relevant to the Internet?

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34
Q

What are control plane mechanisms?

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35
Q

What are the current problems with control plane mechanisms?

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36
Q

How has the complexity of networks not caused the Internet to fail?

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37
Q

What do you gain from mastering complexity and extracting simplicity? When are they useful?

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38
Q

Is networking today concerned with mastering complexity or extracting simplicity? What does this imply?

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39
Q

How would we benefit if we were able to transition networking from mastering complexity to extracting simplicity?

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40
Q

Do abstractions remove complexity?

A

no

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41
Q

Do abstractions give modularity?

A

yes

42
Q

How did programming go from mastering complexity to extracting simplicity?

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43
Q

How can you put networking functionality into abstractions?

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44
Q

How can you add abstractions within the data plane?

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45
Q

Why is layering important?

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46
Q

What is the problem with existing control plane mechanisms?

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47
Q

How doy find abstractions for a system?

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48
Q

What is the single overall function of the control plane?

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49
Q

What are the three main aims of the control plane?

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50
Q

How do we currently fulfill the aims of the control plane?

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51
Q

What are some concerns with abstractions for the control plane not present for all systems?

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52
Q

How can we implement a forwarding abstraction for the control plane?

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53
Q

What is OpenFlow?

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54
Q

How does OpenFlow work?

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55
Q

How can we implement a network state abstraction for the control plane?

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56
Q

What is NOS?

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57
Q

How does NOS work?

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58
Q

What is the impact of NOS and SDN on a network state abstraction for the control plane?

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59
Q

How can we abstract the specification of the functionality of the control plane?

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60
Q

How could access control be applied to control plane specification mechanisms?

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61
Q

What could abstracted specification of the functionality of the control plane lead to?

A

languages for network spec, acting like a compiler since abstraction means you don’t care about how implemented underneath. Like P4.

62
Q

What are the subtasks of routing?

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63
Q

What are the subtasks of access control?

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64
Q

How does network virtualisation apply to abstracted specification of the functionality of the control plane?

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65
Q

What is each abstraction within the control plane concerned with?

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66
Q

What are the layers that form from the abstractions within the control plane?

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67
Q

If abstractions don’t remove complexity why are they still useful?

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68
Q

How would network hardware look in an SDN network, with separated data and control plane?

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69
Q

How would be the effects of separating which network hardware performed data and control plane functionality?

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70
Q

How would of separating which network hardware performed data and control plane make hardware in networking similar to that in computers in general?

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71
Q

What is an SDN “killer app”?

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72
Q

What are some SDN killer apps?

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73
Q

What is the high-level vision for SDNs?

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74
Q

What are the components of SDNs?

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75
Q

What is a data plane switch?

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76
Q

How does a data plane switch work?

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77
Q

What is an SDN controller?

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78
Q

How does an SDN controller work?

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79
Q

What is the southbound API?

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80
Q

How does the southbound API work?

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81
Q

What is the northbound API?

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82
Q

How does the northbound API work?

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83
Q

What is a network-control app?

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84
Q

How does a network-control app work?

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85
Q

What are the components of an SDN controller?

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86
Q

What does the interface layer of an SDN controller do>

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87
Q

What does the management layer of an SDN controller do?

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88
Q

What does the communication layer of an SDN controller do?

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89
Q

What is the OpenFlow protocol?

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90
Q

What does the OpenFlow protocol do?

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91
Q

How do controller-to-switch messages work in OpenFlow?

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92
Q

How do switch-to-controller messages work in OpenFlow?

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93
Q

What part of SDN is OpenFlow the dominant protocol to implement?

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94
Q

How does SDN handle failures in different abstractions/layers?

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95
Q

How does SDN handle link state changes?

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96
Q

Is SDN too slow?

A

No. OSPF right now is done every minute and takes multiple minutes to return all the information and make changes.

97
Q

Which challenges is SDN seeking to address?

A

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98
Q

What is the difference between routing and forwarding? Which SDN planes carry them out?

A

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99
Q

Which hardware implement the data and control planes?

A

The data plane is the actual switching fabric forwarding.Anything beyond this that needs the processor is the control plane.

100
Q

What is the problem with MPLS?

A

Unscalable.

CS4105 Advanced Communication Networks and Systems (18 decks)

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