Lecture 7 Flashcards
What domain is fungi in?
eukarya
Are most fungi multicellular or unicellular? exception?
most are multicellular except yeast which is unicellylar
Are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?
heterotrophs
How many fungi species are known?
99,000
What is the common single-celled yeast called? (budding yeast)
saccharomyces cerevisiae
What is the range of size for fungi?
5 microns to 1 meter
How do saprophytes or saprobes eat?
feed on dead tissue or organic waste
What do symbionts eat?
mutually beneficial relationship with another organism
What are parasites?
feed on living tissue of host, can cause disease
What is the cell wall made of for fungi?
chitin/glucan polysaccharide matrix with a glycoprotein and mannan-rich outer layer
What is the cell membrane made of for fungi?
phospholipid bilayer
What organelles do fungi have? (5)
1) nucleus
2) mitochondria
3) ER
4) Golgi
5) vacuole
How can you see a yeast cell strucutre?
TEM
Are most yeast in the mold or yeast form?
mold
What is another name for mold form?
filamentous
What is a single fungal filament?
hypha
What is more than one hypha?
hyphae
What is a collection of hyphae?
mycelium
What contains spores which are dispersed for reproduction?
fruiting body
What is the difference between septate and aseptate?
septate has separation between nuclei and in aseptate there is no separation between nuclei
What does coenocytic mean?
aseptate
What are the 2 phyla of yeast?
ascomycota and basidiomycota
What is dimorphic fungi?
has both yeast and mold form
What is lovastatin?
lowers cholesterol and is produced by fungi
How do candida albicans infections work?
usually c. albicans live harmlessly in the gut and urogenital tract, but overgrowth can lead to disease like thrush, yeast infection, and bloodstream infections
What is a dikaryon?
two nuclei
How do filamentous fungi (mushrooms) reproduce?
dikaryon nuclei fuse and undergo meiosis and produce haploid spores
When haploid spores germinate what do they form? filamentous fungi (mushrooms)
hyphae
When hyphae grow longer to produce mycelia what is it through? filamentous fungi (mushrooms)
vegetative growth
What differentiates into the fruiting body? filamentous fungi (mushrooms)
dikaryon
How does budding yeast reproduce?
can do sexual and asexual (mitosis and meiosis)
What are the two mating types for budding yeast?
“a” and alpha
How do the gametes sense opposite mating types?
pheromones
What is a budding yeast gamete called?
shmoos
When does budding yeast do sexual reporduction?
when environmental conditions are right
