Lecture 63

Question 1

Hypermetria (Cereballar)

Answer 1

Overreaching

Question 2

• muscle and joint movement.
• All spinal nerves
• cranial nerve V

Answer 2

Proprioception general (GP)

Question 3

____ nerve is sensory and motor

Answer 3

Trigeminal nerve

Question 4

________ is related to gravity. an example of this is a dog with an ear infection/head tilt

Answer 4

proprioception

Question 5

Golgi tendon organ is an interoceptor and detects what?

Answer 5

Muscle contraction

Question 6

____ and ____ are two interoceptors

Answer 6

Golgi tendon organ and muscle spindle fiber

Question 7

what interoreceptor detects muscle stretch

Answer 7

Muscle spindle

Question 8

Tactile sensation: touch/presure and vibration is sensed by?

Answer 8

Mechanoreceptors

Question 9

T/F: Mechanoreceptors are adaptable

Answer 9

T

Question 10

what are examples of mechanoreceptors

Answer 10

• Meisseners corpuscles
• Pacinian corpuscles
• merkel’s disc
• ruffini’s corpuscle

Question 11

What mechanoreceptor is this? Light touch, pressure, and texture

Answer 11

Meissner’s corpuscles

Question 12

what mechanoreceptor is this? Deep pressure, tickle, and vibration

Answer 12

Pacinian corpuscles

Question 13

what mechanoreceptor is this? Touch

Answer 13

Merkel’s disc

Question 14

What mechanoreceptor is this? Stretch

Answer 14

Reffini’s corpuscle

Question 15

Maginitude of __________ determines sensory

Answer 15

displacement

Question 16

What is the minimum amount of neurons for somatosensation?

Answer 16

3 neurons

Question 17

Check the appropriate status (row) for each limb

Answer 17

Gait

Question 18

what is used to find proprioceptive deficits?

Answer 18

Postural reactions (ex:hopping)

Question 19

Nociception and thermoreceptors (TRPs) can use what two pathways?

Answer 19

anterolateral (spinothalamic) pathway

Question 20

Touch and pressure and proprioception can use what pathway?

Answer 20

DCML

Question 21

Pain and temp uses what pathway?

Answer 21

Spinothalamic

Question 22

where do fast (pain) signals of nociception go?

Answer 22

somatosensory areas

Question 23

Where do slow (pain) signs of nociception go?

Answer 23

thalamus

Question 24

________ is characterized by an increased response to a noxlous stimulus without change in nociceptive threshold.

Answer 24

Hyperalgesia

Question 25

_______ charatcterized by a decrease in the nociceptive threshold require to produce a response

Answer 25

Allodynia

Question 26

what drugs inhibit perception?

Answer 26

• Anesthetics
• opiods
• A2-agonist
• benzos
• phenothiazines

Question 27

Modulation of spinal pathways: What inhibits central sensitization?

Answer 27

• Local anesthetics
• opioids
• NSAIDS
• NMDA antagonist (ketamine)
• Antidepressants

Question 28

Inhibit transduction: What inhibits peripheral sensitisation of nociceptors

Answer 28

• NSAIDs
• Opioids
• local anesthetics
• corticosteroids

Question 29

Inhibit transmission: What inhibits impulse conduction?

Answer 29

Local anesthetics and A2-agonist

Question 30

what are examples of inflammatory mediators?

Answer 30

• Thromboxanes
• prostaglandins
• leukotrienes

Question 31

Inflammatory mediators are adaptive but can be

Answer 31

maladaptive

Question 32

what are opioids made in the body?

Answer 32

Endogenous opioids

Question 33

Endorphins attenuate _____ and then potentiates nociceptors

Answer 33

substance P