Lecture 6-Trichinella Flashcards by Ana S | Brainscape

Q

Phylum

A

Nematoda

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Q

How many hosts does it need to complete life cycle?

A

1

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Q

Separate sexes?

A

Yes

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Q

commonly known as?

A

pork worm

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Q

how many larval stages?

A

4

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Q

name the 2 cycles it can use (host)?

A

synanthropic and sylvatic

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Q

Synantrophic

A

domestic host

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Q

Sylvatic

A

wild host

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Q

4 species we are studying

A

T. spiralis
T. nativa
T. nelsoni
T. pseudospiralis

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Q

Where can you find T. spiralis?

A

all continents

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Q

Where can you find T. nativa?

A

Northern Hemisphere

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Q

Where can you find T. nelsoni?

A

Africa

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Q

Where can you find T. pseudospiralis?

A

scattered everywhere (less than T. spiralis)

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Q

Main host of T. pseudospiralis

A

mammals and raptor birds

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Q

Which species is freeze resistant?

A

T. nativa

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Q

T. spiralis major hosts

A

mammals

Q

T. nativa major hosts

A

carnivores (lions)

Q

T. nelsoni major hosts

A

hyenas and cats

Q

Which species is highly infective to pigs?

A

T. spiralis

Q

Factors affecting transmission (x7)

A

many acquisition routes
wide host range
immunocompromised hosts
long life span of muscle larvae
dose
animal husbandry practice
climate

Q

Where does sexual stage occur?

A

enteral phase (small intestine)

Q

Where does infective stage occur?

A

parenteral phase (skeletal muscle)

Q

What is the infective stage morphology?

A

L1

Q

Mode of birth

A

ovoviviparous

Q

How do males detect presence of females?

A

pheromones

Q

Pathology in host (enteral phase) (x6)

A

chemical injury
mechanical injury
altered gut motility
inflammation
endocrine disturbances
reduced nutrient absorption

Q

Pathology in host (parenteral phase) (x4)

A

mechanical injury
alteration of muscle cell morphology
inflammation
host behaviour changes

Q

Mode of metabolism for adults?

A

aerobic

Q

Mode of metabolism for muscle larvae?

A

anaerobic

Q

Ab secreted for infection (what king of Ig)?

A

IgG, IgM, IgA