lecture 6 (spinal cord injuries)

Question 1

What is the most common cause for a traumatic SCI?

Answer 1

Motor vehicle injuries

Question 2

The most common spinal areas for SCI to cause paraplegia are?

Answer 2

C1, C2, C5-7, T12-L11

Question 3

Name of descending tracts carrying motor info?

Answer 3

Corticospinal

Question 4

This type of force commonly leads to anterior cord syndrome

Answer 4

after hyperflexion

Question 5

4 types of incomplete injuries are?

Answer 5

• Central Cord Syndrome
  
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome
    *Brown Sequard Syndrome

Question 6

A grade 3 muscle test is defined as?

Answer 6

Full range of motion against gravity with no resistance applied

Question 7

C6 myotome tests which muscles? L5 tests which muscles?

Answer 7

C6 -Biceps/wrist extension
L5- big toe extension

Question 8

A radiculopathy is?

Answer 8

Injury to a nerve root

Question 9

“A” on the ASIA scale is what category?

Answer 9

complete

Question 10

Neurogenic shock involves the _______ chain?

Answer 10

sympathetic

Question 11

A cause of Brown-Sequard is?

Answer 11

Penetrating injury such as gun shot wound or tumor

Question 12

12) Autonomic dysreflexia usually occurs at _______ level and above.

Answer 12

T6

Question 13

Spinal cord ends at ___ and is called the conis medularis ?

Answer 13

L1

Question 14

The leading cause of death following a SCI is

Answer 14

1. pulmonary embolus
2. pneumonia
3. septicemia

Question 15

A cause of autonomic dysfunction is?

Answer 15

Parkinson’s, diabetes, MS, ALS

Question 16

One sign of autonomic dysreflexia is?

Answer 16

Facial flushing, high blood pressure, headaches, sweating

Question 17

An immediate thing to do in autonomic dysreflexia is?

Answer 17

Bring to upright and look for painful object. Is there a Pressure sore? etc.

Question 18

What type of breathing should somebody who is a C1-4 quad learn and why?

Answer 18

Glossopharyngeal Breathing (push air (gulps) into the lungs)

Question 19

APOPTOSIS

Answer 19

programmed cell death - survival mechanism

Question 20

quadriplegia symptoms for C1 -3

Answer 20

Able to speak, swallow, and control head movement. Lose ability to cough and breathe