Lecture 6 - Ontario

Question 1

What are the chapter themes?

Answer 1

1. Ontario is the engine of the Canadian economy
2. Ontario’s economy is highly dependent on the automobile industry
3. Ontario is the political ‘linchpin’ of Confederation

Question 2

What are the 2 largest cities in Canada?

Answer 2

Toronto and Montreal

Question 3

What is weather like in southern Ontario?

Answer 3

hot long humid summers, short cold winters

Question 4

What modifies Ontario’s weather?

Answer 4

great lakes

Question 5

Northern Ontario has?

Answer 5

fewer natural assets and 7 percent of Ontario population

Question 6

Hudson Bay lowland is what?

Answer 6

one of least populated regions in all of Canada

Question 7

Where are major cities located near?

Answer 7

St. Lawerence river

Question 8

What happened in 1774?

Answer 8

British loyalist moved north

Question 9

what help grow and change provincial boundaries?

Answer 9

looking for agriculture and other resources

Question 10

What is Reciprocity Treaty of 1854

Answer 10

British and USA trade agreement, similar to NAFTA

Question 11

What is the National Policy 1879?

Answer 11

high tariffs on imported goods

Question 12

Who is John A. MacDonald?

Answer 12

first prime minister, good negotiator, understood importance of flow of goods

Question 13

Northern Ontario

Answer 13

• old resource hinterland
• characterized by: aging population, a net out-migration, lack of immigration
• largely dependent on mining, forestry and tourism

Question 14

What were the challenges in the forest industry in Northern Ontario?

Answer 14

1. forest regeneration
2. changing species
3. aging pulp and paper plants - drop in demand
4. softwood lumber - trading with USA

Question 15

How is Ontario industry shifting?

Answer 15

primary and secondary to tertiary

Question 16

What is the Niagara Fruit Belt?

Answer 16

Some of the best soil for growing fruit like grapes for wine

Question 17

When did the auto industry begin?

Answer 17

1965 with the Auto Pact

Question 18

what is the Auto Pact?

Answer 18

• Agreement between Canada and USA to make cars more efficient
• Canadian plants would not close
• took advantage of economies of scale by specializing, produce something as cheap as possible
• reduced cost of cars to Canadians

Question 19

How many Ontario workers employed by auto industry?

Answer 19

150,000

Question 20

how much did they export in 2002?

Answer 20

$97 billion

Question 21

How did government help grow industry?

Answer 21

government funded auto research/technology in McMaster and Windsor - Agglomeration effect

Question 22

How is auto industry shifting?

Answer 22

shift from Big 3 (Ford, GM, Chrysler) to Japanese-based manufacturers (Toyota, Honda)

Question 23

What is ‘just in time’ production?

Answer 23

• auto parts are produced in small batches - sent to customers as needed
• outsourcing - decreases costs
• works on a global level
• accessing materials from all over the world

Question 24

Where are auto assembly plants located in Ontario?

Answer 24

Windsor, Alliston, Oshawa, Cambridge, Woodstock, Ingersoll, Brampton, Oakville

Question 25

What auto industry researching now?

Answer 25

electric and self driving vehicles

Question 26

What are the auto industry trends?

Answer 26

Big 3 loss in sales due to:

1. Higher gas prices = smaller, fuel efficient cars
2. performance and quality of Japanese vehicles
3. Baby boomers don’t need big cars