Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiac Rehabilitation > Lecture 6 - Cardiac Medications > Flashcards

Lecture 6 - Cardiac Medications Flashcards

1
Q

What medications would a person with hypertension take?

A
  1. B-blockers
  2. ACE inhibitors
  3. Diuretics
  4. CCB’s
  5. Alpha blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What medications would a person with CHF take?

A
  1. B-blockers
  2. ACE inhibitors
  3. Diuretics
  4. Digitalis
  5. Vasodilators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What medications would a person with MI take?

A
  1. B-blockers
  2. Aspirin
  3. Antihyperlipidemics
  4. Lasix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does nitric oxide (NO) do?

A
  • Causes vasodilation
  • Reduces Preload and afterload (by increasing venous capacitance)
  • Lowers heart wall stress
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some common side effects of NO?

A
  • HA

- Facial flushing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some serious side effects of NO?

A
  • Syncope

- Hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do B-blockers do?

A

Reduces cardiac work (o2 demand) by:

  1. Reducing HR
  2. Reducing Contractility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do B1 receptors do when active?

A 
Heart: Increase
1.  HR
2. Conduction 
3. Contraction 
4. Ejection Fraction
Others: Increase 
1.  Renin release
2. Hunger
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do B2 receptors do when active?

A
  1. Relaxes smooth muscle in:
    - Bronchus and Bronchioles
    - Uterine muscle
  2. Contracts urethral sphincter
  3. Increases renin release
  4. Stops insulin release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do B2 receptors do when active?

A
  1. Relaxes smooth muscle in:
    - Bronchus and Bronchioles
    - Uterine muscle
  2. Contracts urethral sphincter
  3. Increases renin release
  4. Stops insulin release
  5. Stimulates Gluconeogenisis and glycolysis
  6. Lipolysis
  7. Thick Saliva
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the difference between Selective and Non-Selective B-blockers?

A

Selective (B1) cause fewer peripheral effects compared to Non Selective (B1 and B2) drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of B-blocker may a patient be taking if you notice they are coughing a lot?

A

Non Selective B-Blockers because inhibition of B2 receptors causes bronchospasms due to smooth muscle contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of B-blocker may a patient be taking if you notice they are coughing a lot?

A

Non Selective B-Blockers because inhibition of B2 receptors causes bronchospasms due to smooth muscle contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do B-Blocker drugs end with in their names?

A

“olol”

For example: Propranolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do B-Blockers decrease sympathetic activity?

A
  • Decreases calcium uptake

- Impairs CICR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the general cardiac effects of B-Blockers?

A 
Negative: 
- Chronotropy 
- Inotropy 
- Dromotropy
Anti: 
- Ischemic 
- Arrythmic
17
Q

What are the general cardiac effects of B-Blockers?

A 
Negative: 
- Chronotropy 
- Inotropy 
- Dromotropy
Anti: 
- Ischemic 
- Arrythmic
18
Q

What effect do Beta-Blockers have on an ischemic heart?

(Draw diagram

A 
Decrease:
HR
Afterload
Contractility 
O2 Wastage 
Demand
Vasoconstriction
Increase 
Diastolic perfusion
19
Q

Compare and Contrast Glucose oxidation vs Fatty Acid Oxidation

A

GO:

  • 10 - 40 % of energy
  • Requires less oxygen
  • ATP/oxygen = 3

FAO:

  • 60 - 90 of energy
  • Requires more oxygen
  • ATP/oxygen = 2.6
20
Q

Compare and Contrast Glucose oxidation vs Fatty Acid Oxidation

A

GO:

  • 10 - 40 % of energy
  • Requires less oxygen
  • ATP/oxygen = 3

FAO:

  • 60 - 90 of energy
  • Requires more oxygen
  • ATP/oxygen = 2.6
21
Q

What effect do CCB’s have?

A

Cause

  • Vasodilation
  • Reduced peripheral resistance
22
Q

How do CCB’s decrease the work of the heart?

A

They decrease contractility (inotropy) by reducing calcium uptake into the cell by blocking the L-type channels. Afterload is also reduced due to decrease in peripheral resistance

23
Q

How do CCB’s decrease the work of the heart?

A

They decrease contractility (inotropy) by reducing calcium uptake into the cell by blocking the L-type channels. Afterload is also reduced due to decrease in peripheral resistance

24
Q

Which type of CCB’s have a greater effect on vascular function?

A

DHP’s - Dihydropyridines

25
Q

What do DHP’s normally end with in their name?

A

“dipine”

Eg: Amlodipine

26
Q

How do DHP’s affect the periphery?

A

They reduce afterload by causing vasodilation in the periphery

27
Q

What are some examples or Non-DHP drugs and how do they differ from DHP’s?

A

Verapamil and Diltiazem

Have more of an effect on the heart

28
Q

Give examples of anti-cogaulants

A

Wafarin

Aspirin

29
Q

Give examples of anti-cogaulants and what do they do?

A

Wafarin
Aspirin
- Blood thinners

30
Q

How do diuretics reduce BP?

A

By decreasing BV

31
Q

Give an example of a diuretic

A

Furosemide - affects the loop of Henle

Cardiac Rehabilitation (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions