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Cardiac Rehabilitation > Lecture 1 - Cardiac Rehab Overview > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Cardiac Rehab Overview Flashcards

1
Q

What effects can prolonged bed rest have on your body?

A

Muscle Dystrophy
Orthostatic intolerance
Decreased exercise capacity
Increased risk of thromboembolism

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2
Q

What are the 3 main aims of CR?

A

Help a patient achieve optimal:

Physical, Psychological and Functional status

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3
Q

What are some indications of CR?

PACCES

A 
Peripheral Vascular Disease
At risk of CAD
Cardiomyopathy 
CABG
End Stage Renal Disease
Stable Angina
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4
Q

What are some contraindications of CR?

HOUURA

A 
Hyperkalemia or Hypokalemia
Orthostatic Intolerance 
Uncontrolled Diabetes
Unstable angina 
Resting BP of > 200/110 mmHg 
Active pericarditis
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5
Q

Give a brief description of the 3 phases of CR

A

Phase 1 = Inpatient, hospital based
Phase 2 = Early Outpatient, monitored exercise
Phase 3 = Outpatient ongoing

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6
Q

What would the HRM be for a patient post MI.?

A

120bpm or RHR +20bpm

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7
Q

What would the HRM be for a patient post surgery.?

A

RHR + 30bpm

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8
Q

Give an example of an appropriate hemodynamic response to exercise.

A

SBP increases with work load.

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9
Q

Give examples of an appropriate ECG response during peak exercise

A

Normal/Unchanged conduction

Stable arrhythmias

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10
Q

Give examples of CVD. risk factors. **

A 
Nutrition
Weight management
Smoking
Cholesterol
Managing diabetes
Physical activity
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11
Q

What is a myocardial infarction?

A

Complete obstruction of blood flow

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12
Q

How does MI develop?

A

Cholesterol particles can build up and form a plaque, causing the arteries to become narrowed therefore vulnerable to blockages from a blood clot.

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13
Q

Why is exercise better than coronary interventions?

A

Because coronary interventions only treat a specific area, exercise is more holistic and affects the entire arterial bed by changing endothelial function and disease progression.

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14
Q

Give examples of goals in CR **

A

Improve mental and emotional well-being
Modify risk factors
Increase functional capability
Reduce mortality

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15
Q

Who would benefit most from CABG?

A

People with many diseased vessels or main artery disease

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16
Q

What are some special considerations for people who have had CABG?

A
  • Monitor scars for infection and proper healing
  • No HR monitor until completely healed
  • No Upper Body exercises early post operation
17
Q

Describe stable angina

A
  • Most common
  • Triggered by physical exertion, strong emotional stress, cold temperature
  • pain usually lasts 3-5 minutes
  • typically relieved by rest
18
Q

Describe unstable angina

A
  • Is more serious and unpredictable
  • Can occur at rest
  • Signals a heart attack
19
Q

What steps must you take when someone has unstable angina?

A

Sit down
Take NO spray
If symptoms persist 5 minutes later call 111

20
Q

What causes angina?

A

Occurs when the coronary arteries are narrowed and decreases the amount of oxygenated blood supplying the heart therefore causing pain.

An imbalance between oxygen supply and demand

21
Q

What occurs in the atria during atrial fibrillation?

A

Multiple depolarization resulting in incomplete or absent contraction of the atria and irregular ventricular contraction

22
Q

What is the role of the pacemaker?

A

Regulate electrical activity of the heart

23
Q

What does an ICD do?

A

Delivers a shock if a dangerous rhythm is detected

24
Q

How does exercise affect a patient with valvular heart disease?

A
  • Does not improve the function of the valves

- Improves oxygen extraction by the skeletal muscles therefore improve work capacity

25
Q

What effects does Valvular regurgitation have on the heart?

A
  • Decreases CO
  • Diastolic dysfunction
  • Myocardial hypertrophy
26
Q

What intensity of exercise will benefit patients with CHF?

A

Moderate

27
Q

Why is exercise considered as medicine?

A

Because studies have found that increases in exercise participation and improvements in other lifestyle behaviors have the same effects as medicine

Cardiac Rehabilitation (4 decks)

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