Lecture 6 - Biopharmaceutics

Question 1

What is biopharmaceutics?

Answer 1

The relationship between the physical and chemical properties of a drug in a dosage form and the pharmacologic response after administration

Question 2

Biopharmaceutics is dependant of what?

Answer 2

Pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability

Question 3

What is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 3

The study and characterization of the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. The relationship of these process to the intensity and time course of the therapeutic and adverse effects of drugs

Question 4

What is clinical pharmacokinetics?

Answer 4

It is the application of pharmacokinetic methods in drug therapy. It involved a multidisciplinary approach to individually optimized dosing strategies based on the patient’s disease state and patient-specific considerations. It involves both bioavailability and drug distribution

Question 5

What is pharmacodynamics?

Answer 5

It refers to the relationship between drug concentration at the site of action (receptor) and pharmacologic response

Question 6

What is bioavailability?

Answer 6

It refers to the rate and extent (amount) to which a drug is absorbed from a drug product into the body or to the site of action

Question 7

What does ADME stand for?

Answer 7

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 8

What is albumin?

Answer 8

Major binding protein for lipophilic drugs

Question 9

Name the body fluid compartments and how much they contribute to the body weight

Answer 9

Total body water (60% of body weight)
Intracellular fluid (40% of body weight)
Extracellular fluid (20% of body weight)
Plasma fluid (4% of body weight)
Blood volume (7% of body weight)

Question 10

What is metabolism?

Answer 10

Conversion of a drug to a more polar, water soluble, ionized substance usually with reduced pharmacological activity and toxicity

Question 11

Describe phase I of hepatic metabolism

Answer 11

Oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis

Question 12

Describe phase II of hepatic metabolism

Answer 12

Glucuronidation, acetylation and sulfation

Question 13

Why is codeine dangerous for kids?

Answer 13

It can be fatal because some kids are fast metaboliser of codeine, which metabolizes into morphine causing the kid to stop breathing