LECTURE 6: arteries + veins

Question 1

major arteries from heart to foot

Answer 1

1. common iliac artery
2. external iliac artery
3. femoral artery
4. popliteal artery
5. posterior tibial artery
6. plantar arch

Question 2

major veins from heart to foot

Answer 2

1. common iliac vein
2. external iliac vein
3. femoral vein
4. Great saphenous vein
5. popliteal vein
6. posterior tibial vein
7. plantar venous arch

Question 3

innermost layer of blood vessels

Answer 3

tunica intima

Question 4

tunica intima

Answer 4

• Endothelium - A simple squamous epithelium which lines the lumen of all vessels.
• Sub-endothelium - A sparse pad of loose FCT. cushioning the endothelium.
• Internal Elastic Lamina (IEL)- a condensed sheet of elastic tissue. The IEL is well developed in arteries and less developed in veins

Question 5

tunica media

Answer 5

• Smooth muscle
• A variable content of connective tissue fibres - mainly elastin and collagen.
• Thickness of the media is proportional to both vessel diameter and blood pressure

Question 6

tunica adventitia

Answer 6

• Loose FCT with a high content of collagen and variable amount of elastin.
• In larger vessels, the adventitia contains the vasa vasorum.
• Lymphatics and autonomic nerves are also found in this region.

Question 7

arteriole function

Answer 7

The resistance vessels of the circulation - determine blood pressure

Question 8

capillaries function

Answer 8

Site of exchange between blood and tissues

Question 9

IEL

Answer 9

Internal Elastic Lamina

Question 10

veins function

Answer 10

• Low pressure, large volume transport system
• One-way (unidirectional) flow
• Capacitance vessels

Question 11

vein structure

Answer 11

• Irregular, flattened shape with large lumen & thin wall
• Have spare capacity (can take up extra blood volume) = capacitance vessels.
• Have more than twice the cross sectional area compared to the artery

Question 12

three layers of veins

Answer 12

1. Intima
2. Media -Much thinner than arteries - a few layers of smooth muscle (often in two distinct layers)
3. Adventitia -Often the thickest layer of a vein. (thick layer of collagen in adventitia)

Question 13

how to balance supply and drainage volumes

Answer 13

Want to balance supply and drainage, balance volume shift by having great CSA in venous drainage area so can shift back towards heart same volume per second as arteriole supply

Question 14

what ensures unidirectional flow of blood?

Answer 14

Squeezing of muscle squeezes vein wall to push blood along vein up towards heart and down towards feet, its action of valve that ensures unidirectional flow