LECTURE 4: heart anatomy part 1 Flashcards
blood vascular system
A closed supply and drainage system: a continuous loop
lymphatic (vascular) system
An open-entry drainage system: a one-way system
supply side
- Arteries are the only supply path
- Major arteries are situated to avoid damage (eg: deep in the trunk; on flexor aspect of limbs)
- Important structures often receive supply from two sources (two separate arteries)
- Arteries change their name at each major branch
exchange network
Capillaries of varying degrees of permeability
- Continuous (controlled ~ tight)
- Fenestrated (leaky)
- Sinusoidal (very leaky)
3 pathways for drainage
- Deep veins
- Superficial veins
- Lymphatics
cross sectional area of veins in comparison to arteries
Cross-sectional area of veins is at least twice that of arteries (to shift the same volume of blood / second)
what do capillaries do
allow exchange between blood and target tissues
what is only supply path?
arteries
heart shape
blunt cone shaped
point end = apex
broad end = base
right atrium receives
deoxygenated blood
left atrium receives
oxygenated blood
layers of heart wall
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
outer most layer of heart wall
epicardium
inner most layer of heart wall
endocardium
thickest layer of heart wall
myocardium
endocardium layer is made of
squamos epithelium
loose irregular FCT
small blood vessels
purkinje fibres
is left or right side got a thicker myocardium layer?
left side as it is pushing higher pressurised blood
endocardium is made of
visceral pericardium
blood vessels
loose irregular FCT
what is the pericardium?
sack that the heart sits within
