Lecture 6 Flashcards
Why is fostering a positive food safety environment important?
- Negative food safety culture has leet to food contamination in industry
- Gaps in institutional foodservice
- Support and motivation
In fostering a positive food safety environment why is it important to support and motivate?
To follow procedures
To hold each other accountable
To speak up
What are the 3 approaches to food safety?
Techno-managerial approach
Food safety culture approach
Techno-managerial and cultural approach
What is a techno managerial approach?
Temp audits Inventory turnover procedures Logs Personal hygiene practices and tools -all inform assessment of food safety hazards in an adroit to mitigate risks (quantifiable)
What is a food safety and culture approach?
Shared values beliefs and norms that affect min set and behaviour toward food safety in across and throughout an organization
What is a techno-managerial and cultural approach?
Performance reviews, orientation/education/traininig, policies and plans can foster both approaches
-dont have both the people won’t care to do it properly
What is GFSI?
Global food safety initiative
-NFP foundation founded in 200 in resoponse to major food safety crises
-Recognizes food safety certification programs that contain internationally recognized food safety requirements
(european)
According to GFSI what are the 5 dimensions to food safety?
Vision & mission People Consistency Adaptability Hazards and Risk assessment
What is the SQFI?
Safe quality food iinstitute
- North American
- Recognized by GFSI
- Believes that. food safetyy programs are needed
What is BRCGS?
British retail consortium global standards
- 1998 food safety standard was established
- focused on encouraging development of product safety and culture
What are the 5 dimensions of food safety culture?
Leadership, values and strategy People Adaptability Consistency Hazard and Risk awareness
In terms of Leadership, values and strategy, how can you enact aim to foster a culture of food safety?
- Establish departmental strategic direction and objectives regarding food safety often these can cascade from the original strategic plan (corporate strategies)
- Align employees personal values with those of the corporation rather than focusing on policies
- Allocate resources to foster a positive food safety culture and to be seen as fostering a positive safety culture
- Leaders model food safety proactices
- Leaders listen to employees and respond respectfully
- Leaders need to be aware of their own role in cultural transformation, must have skills to foster positive food safety culture
In terms of people, how can you enact aim to foster a culture of food safety?
- Hire people with values that align with organizations and understand the importance of adhering to food safety practices (clean clothes)
- Set expectations
- Educate staff so they understand the why
- Train staff so they implement food safety practices
- Use performance development to reinforce the importance
In terms of adaptability, how can you enact aim to foster a culture of food safety?
- Implement continuous quality improvement
- Foster a sense of change readiness
- Adopt best practice rather than adopt practices to comply with legal requirements
- Advance problem solving strategies
In terms of consistency, how can you enact aim to foster a culture of food safety?
- Align food safety priorities with processes, communication, theca and people to foster a food safety culture
- Ensure employees understand their reposabilities and hold them accountable
- Monitor performance measures
- Reinforce food safety practices
In terms of hazard and risk awareness, how can you enact aim to foster a culture of food safety?
- Identify hazards
- Implement strategies to mitigate risk and provide education onmitigastion risks
- Implement control measures and document results
- Foster a culture of open communication so employees feel they can bring issues to leaders without repercussions
What is the broken window theory?
If its broken, fix it right away so people dont perceive that they can break windows like that and its okay
What are some reasons why we should measure food safety?
Raise awareness of food safety
Benchmarking
Informd excisions about truing and remedial actions
Promote Commitment
Identify weakness and evaluate risk
Assess potential compliance with safety management systems
What is dysphasia and what causes it?
Difficulty swallowing
Causes:
stroke
dementia
multiple sclerosis
What are the signs of dysphasia?
Coughing or chocking when eating/drinking
Food coming back up, sometimes through the nose
Sensation that food is stick in throat
Persistent drooling and saliva
What can dysphasia result in?
Weight loss and malnutrition
Dehydration
Aspiration pneumonia
Choking
What are the 7 levels of food thin/thickness?
0 Thin
1 Slightly thick
2 Mildly Thick
3 Moderately thick/liquidized (applesauce)
4 Extremely thick/Pureed (mousse, pudding)
5 Minced and moist (ground beef and gravy)
6 Soft and bite sized (cooked veggies)
7 Regular
What do you use a syringe flow test for?
Test liquids from levels 0-3
What is a syringe test?
Liquid classification based on how much liquid comes out based on the time given
How do you test for liquids in levels 3-4?
Fork drip test
How do you test for liquids at levels 4-5?
Spoon tilt test
How do we normally measure the size if something is minced and moist?
Particles should be no wider than the space between fork teeth (4mm)
What is procurement?
The ordering, planning and purchasing of food
What are the market influences on procurement?
Economics Government Policy Import and export Weather Trends Food Safety outcomes and guidelines Food System
How does the federal government oversight relate to procurement?
Health Canada works with industry and consumers to establish policies, regulations and standards related to the safety and nutritional quality of food sold in canada
Who is responsible for enforcing food safety policies and standards in canada?
CFIA enforces, standards are set by health canada
What acts do the CFIA enforce?
Agricultural products Consumer packaging and labelling Feeds Fish inspection Food and Drugs Safe Food for Canadians
What kind of provincial oversight takes place in terms of procurement?
Local foods act
Food premise regulations
Broader public sector accountability act, procurement directive (applies to hospitals)
In Ontarios boarder public sector supply chain code of ethics, what is to be noted under the “personal integrity and professionalism”?
Supply chains act and seem to act with integrity and professionalism, honesty, care and due diligence
In Ontarios boarder public sector supply chain code of ethics, what is to be noted under the “ accountability and transparency”?
Contracting and purchasing activities shall be fair, transparent and conducted with a view to obtaining the best baler for money
In Ontarios boarder public sector supply chain code of ethics, what is to be noted under the “compliance and continuous improvement”?
Comply with code of ethics and laws of canada and Ontario.
To improve their supply chain knowledge and skill level and to share leading practices
What are the 4 kinds of purchasing structures?
Independent purchasing
Centralized purchasing
Group Buying
Group Purchasing Organizations
What is independent purchasing?
Purchase food sillies directly from suppliers
-restaurant, LTCF, Hospitals
What is centralized purchasing?
Organizations purchasing department is responsible for obtaining food and supplies for the foodservice department
What are the pros to centralized purchasing?
More cost effective and efficient because there are no responsibilities with sales reps/contract/placing orders
What are the disadvantages of centralized purchasing?
Friction between the 2 departments is quality, standards timeliness and delivery are not met
FS managers may not be introduced to the latest piece of equipment or food product
People may not buy exactly what you want
What is group buying?
Buyer is selected and paid by the group and maintains and office independent of the organizations
-organizations agree on common specifications and establish a bid schedule
What is the advantage of group buying?
Discounts in buying large volumes at lower prices
What is group purchasing organizations?
Group purchasing organization represents member organizations and is responsible for the purchasing of the entire organization.
-Negotiates and selectors a list of vendors for all categories for cost saving for the entire organization rather than one department
What is the SBAR?
Situationa Background Assessment Recommendation
- Tool used to provide framework for communication between members of the health care team about a patients condition
- Helps sythesis issues and background ideas
- Quick summary of what someone needs to knoe
What does the SBAR stand for?
S- situation (concise statement of problem)
B- Background (brief information related to situation)
A- Assessment (analysis and considerations of options: what you found/thing)
R- Recommendation (Action. requested/recommended: what you want)
What are the 2 kinds of vendors you can have
Broadline - carries large inventories of food and supplies
Specialty- Carry limited production lines
What should you consider when choosing a vendor?
Product line
Delivery schedule
Payment policies
Contingency plans if standards and schedules aren’t met
Emergency deliveries in the event of disaster
Value added services
What in the procurement process if its a major high cost purchase?
Determine needs Determine quality standards Estimate quantities Issue a bid request Evaluate bids Award contract Create purchase order or requisition Inspect and receive deliveries Store properly Evaluate quality/quantity
What in the procurement process if its not a high cost purchase?
Determine needs Determine standards Estimate quantities Obtain 3 quotes Select vendor Create purchase order or requisition Inspect and receive deliveries Store properly Evaluate quality/quantity
When determining needs, what should we consider?
What to order (min or max inventory)
Buffer for min & max levels
Balance volume pricing and discounts with funds tied up inventory storage and deterioration
Consider food service delivery system
What are quality standards ?
Nutrient composition Grade of meat Country of origin Select Quality based on use Grades for canned fruit Grades for vegetables
What are the grades of canned fruit and veggies?
Canada fancy
Canada choice
Canada standard
Substandard
What decisions do you need to consider when buying?
- Quality
- Equipment
- Labour
- Time
- Storage and holding space
- Cost of outsourced vs cost of raw
What food do food grandes not apply to?
Do not apply to minimally processed vegetables like produce that is peeled, chopped, sliced, cored, shredded to leaves
When estimating quantities, what do you have to keep in mind?
Amount in inventory corresponds to the menu
-portion size and portions per recipe
Identify levels of stock in inventory
-min and max levels
Amount of storage space
Frequency of deliveries
Perishability of foods
What is a procurement directive?
Applies tot he broader public sector and is intended to
- improve accountability and transparency for procurement decisions
- Max the value the broader public sector organizations receive from use of public funds
What happens when you issue a bid request?
Invitation to vendors to provide bids for specific items. Bids can include:
- Items
- Quantity
- Specifications
- General conditions of acceptance
- Samples for testing
What should you do when evaluating bids?
- Criteria determined and document created to record results
- Bids can be sealed and confidential until a predetermined time
- Legal or policy obligations to select lowest bid
What happens when the contract is awarded?
Contract should be awarded to the bidder which nest meets the predetermined criteria (price, quality, service)
All bidders should be notified whether they are successful or not in obtaining the contract
What are the different types of procurement?
Firm fixed pricing Cost plus purchasing PRime vending Blanket Purchase Agreement Just in time Purchasing
What is firm fixed pricing?
Price of item is fixed during the length of the contract
What is cost plus purchasing?
Buyer agrees to purchase specific quantity for an agreed upon period of time based on a fixed markup on the vendors cost.
-same price for duration of contract
What us prime vending?
Agreement with a single vendor to supply majority of product
- commitment to purchased specific amounts in retire the purchases revised reduced prices related to high known volumes and time savings
- vendor assuming more risk
What is just in time purchasing?
Product is purchased in the exact quantities for specific production runs with the aim to have as little inventory as possible
What is formal procurement ?
Inviting vendors to quote prices within certain specifications
- best for non perishable foods and frozen
- can be time intensive
- used by publicly funded institutions
What is informal procurement ?
Food ordered from a list of vendors on a regularly based on price quotes
- contact is made via phone, fax or email
- Most often used by smaller foodservice operations
In terms of freight charges, who pays for freight and you owns product during transport in a FOB origins freight collect?
Pays: Buyer
Owns: Buyer
In terms of freight charges, who pays for freight and you owns product during transport in a FOB origin freight prepaid?
Pays: Vendor
Owns: Buyer
In terms of freight charges, who pays for freight and you owns product during transport in a FOB destination freight collect?
Pay: Buyer
Owns: Vendor
In terms of freight charges, who pays for freight and you owns product during transport in a FOB destination flight prepaid?
Pays: Vendor
Owns: vendor
What happens at receiving?
Ownership from vendor transfers to purchaser
If completed improperly there are $$ losses to facility
Food service manager must ensure receiving function is coordinated with other functions like production, purchasing and accounting
what are some roles of the receiver?
Physically inspect delivery
Compare against purchase order and invoice
Damages
Accept only if its what was ordered and in good condition
What should receiving facilities be equipped with?
Adjacent to delivery dock Minimize steps Maintain security Traffic shouldn't go through prep areas Pests under control
What are the receiving logistics?
Schedule regular hours for receiving
Schedule delivery trucks to avoid busy production times
