Lecture 6 & 6b Flashcards
Three Posnatal Stages
Stage I: neural encoding of fundamental characteristics of sound
Stage II: use information in sound in specific way
Stage III: approach sound in more of an adult way
Neural Encoding of fundamental characteristics of sound =
Stage I
approach sound in more of an adult way =
Stage III
use information in sound in specific way =
Stage II
Do anatomical parts of the auditory system develop early or later?
Early
Around what week does the auditory system become functional?
around 25 weeks of gestation
The cochlea and the auditory cortex are…
the most important developmental processes
Stage I
- lasts less than 6 months
- immature frequency discrimination
- immature frequency resolution
- not as sharp as adults
Stage II
increasing specificity, finer tuning, discovering new details, can recognize few variations in speech
Stage III
seperation of sounds more adult like
distinction between signal and noise
before 15/15 y/o still affected by noise
What 3 things are consistant across the stages?
- maturation of neural mechanisms in coding sound
- children become more specific in the way they listen to sound
- become flexible in choosing acoustic info
Neonatal Reflexes
MR.GTRSB
Moro, Rooting, Grasp, Tonic, Righting, Stepping, Babinski
Moro
aka startle reflex
baby throws back head, extends arms/legs, cries when startled
Rooting
When corner of baby’s mouth is stroked, baby will turn head in that direction & open mouth–> look for breast to feed
Grasp
when palm of hand is stroked, baby will close fingers in grasp
Tonic
when baby’s head is turned to one side, the arm on that side stretches out, and opposite arm bends at elbow
Righting
baby corrects orientation of body when taken out of normal position
Stepping
when held upright, and feet on ground, baby appears to take a step/dance
Babinski
when sole of foot is stroked, toes spread out
Milestones look at chart
Milestones look at chart
Infant’s Response to Auditory Stimuli
Body Movement Arousal Sucking Eye Widening Crying/Quieting Orienting head
(BASECO)
Auditory Sensitivity: Thresholds are ______ for infants and children in comparison to adults.
poorer
*audibility curves have a different shape
Absolute Sensitivity
at 3 mo: thresholds are at _____dB greater than adults:: at 6-12 mo., thresholds are ______ dB greater than adults.
15- 30 dB
10- 15 dB
Improvement in sensitivity between 3 to 6 mo. is greter in low frequencies than in high frequencies. T or F?
False. Its greater in high frequencies.
