Lecture 6 Flashcards
T or F: A nasal air pressure study in infants 2-6 months found that typical kids are able to elevate the velum.
True
Describe the characteristics of VP closure in typical kids:
- VP open for windups, wimpers and laughs but VP closed for cries, screams and rasberries at all ages
- Freq. of VP closure increases with age but is still a work in progress at 6 months
VP function doesn’t develop in ________. It is something built in but hard to acquire if you don’t have it early.
cleft palate
Describe the normal development of articulators:
- initially too poor coordination/ large a tongue for speech
- very first contoid sounds are often glottal VP sphincter develops over time
- at 6 mnths coordination improves and vocal tract lengthens, VP function for syallables
- emerging consonants are mostly labial, labiodental and alveolar; develop from front to back
Very first contoid sounds are often _______. The VP sphincter develops over time
glottal
Emerging consonants are mostly ______, _________ and ________ ; develop from ______
labial, labiodental and alveolar
front to back
List the early 8 consonants:
/m/, /b/, /j/, /n/, /w/, /d/, /p/, /h/
List the middle 8 consonants:
/t/, /ŋ/, /k/, /g/, /f/, /v/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/
List the late 8 consonants:
/ʃ/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /l/, /r/, /ʒ/
T or F: In babies with CLP and VP dysfunction contoids develop from front to back.
False
- Front to back in typical kids
- Back to front in CLP
List the 4 processes in CLP artic disorders:
1) omission
2) Distortion
3) Substitutions within the phonological system
4) Compensatory substitutions
_______ involves leaving the sound out
omission
Distortions can be either ______ or ______
passive or obligatory
What is the difference b/w substitutions within the phonological system and compensatory substitutions?
Depends on the language.
In substitutions within the phonological system the sound is part of the phonological system. In compensatory substitutions the sound isn’t part of that language.
T or F: It is difficult to hear sounds in a language you aren’t familliar with
true
Describe Trost-Cardamone’s classification system of speech errors:
Category 1 = obligatory errors – > physical management
Category 2 = compensatory errors –> Speech therapy
VP insufficiency and oronasal fistula are _______ errors = _______ treated with ________
category 1 = obligatory (passive) errors
- treated with physical mangagement
Speech mislearning is a _______ error= _______ treated with ________
categroy 2 = compensatory (active)
- treated with speech therapy
What are characteristics of compensatory errors in articulation:
1) maladaptive placement (often correct manner)
2) backed articulation
3) learned strategies
4) adaptation to insufficient VP closure
Compensatory errors are _______
active
Obligatory errors are _________
passive
The #1 characterization of CLP speech and the gateway drug to other compensatory errors is the ______
glottal stop
Why would glottal double articulation occur?
Active articulation/ compensatory error. The child has had therapy to produce the new sound but hasn’t stopped producing the glottal stop.
What sounds involves the back of the tongue moving to the posterior pharyngeal wall?
Pharyngeal voiced and voiceless plosives
Pharyngeal voiced and voiceless fricatives
