Lecture 52 - Stimulants: Cocaine and Crystal Meth

Question 1

There are 4 main pleasurable effects Cocaine provides. What are they?

Answer 1

Euphoria

Sense of Mastery

Sexual and Psychomotor Arousal

Appetite Suppression

Question 2

Cocaine blocks the reuptake of _______ into the presynaptic terminal –> more remains in the synaptic cleft for longer.

Answer 2

Dopamine

Question 3

In acute Cocaine intoxication, patients will feel Euphoria, Decreased appetite, but may also experience _______ and Hypervigilance/paranoia.

Withdrawal symptoms include Dysphoria, Psychomotor Retardation, and Increased _______ (just the opposite of intoxication).

Answer 3

Seizures

Increased Appetite

Question 4

_______-_______ therapy is the go-to for treating Cocaine addiction.

Answer 4

Cognitive-Behavioral therapy

Question 5

Why can “mules” often survive massive amounts of cocaine in their GI tract?

Answer 5

It has very poor oral bioavailability

Question 6

Ecstasy is essentially an attenuated form of _______ with an attenuated form of _____. It provides the stimulation from the first and altered perception (though no hallucinations) from the second. People on ecstasy feel profound connectedness with others.

Answer 6

Cocaine

LSD

Question 7

Ecstasy acutely blocks the reuptake of and directly causes secretion of ______. Chronically, this leads to depletion and inhibition of synthesis. It can also lead to Neurotoxicity.

Answer 7

Serotonin

Question 8

Ecstasy intoxication can cause Diarrhea and ______, and users may experience intense dehydration and hyperthermia.

Answer 8

Bruxism (teeth clenching)

Question 9

Frank suicidality in cocaine or Ecstasy withdrawal is rare, unless there is an underlying _______ disorder.

Answer 9

Depressive disorder

Question 10

Molecules that have a phen-ethyl-amine moiety within them are psychoactive. Keep in mind this means a Phenyl group attached to a 2-carbon chain and an amine group and Methyl group attached to the _____ carbon.

What’s the difference between Methamphetamine and Amphetamine?

Answer 10

Alpha

Meth –> the amine is a secondary or tertiary amine

Amphetamine –> amine is primary amine

Question 11

How does the mech of action for Meth differ from Cocaine?

Answer 11

Cocaine blocks reuptake while Meth blocks reuptake AND causes direct secretion.

Question 12

“Crystal Meth Mouth” refers to the oral decay caused by _______ (vasoconstriction or dilation?), decreased _______, and decreased control of oral bacteria.

Answer 12

Vasoconstriction

Decreased salivation

Question 13

_______ hallucinations are characteristic of stimulant intoxication, such as Meth, but NOT Schizophrenia. Look for patients with scattered scabs that form after scratching in response to the hallucination.

Answer 13

Tactile

Question 14

The Matrix Model is used for the treatment of Amphetamine addiction, and it involves Group Psychotherapy, Individual Counseling, Family Therapy, Meth Anonymous, Treatment of co-occurring disorders, and _________ Management (What is that exactly?)

Answer 14

Contingency Management –> rewarding patients for cessation of use rather than punishing for relapse.

Question 15

Keep in mind one of the side effects of Meth use is _______ dysfunction.

Answer 15

Erectile dysfunction (Crystal dick)

Question 16

All bath salts are Cathinone derivatives. What functional group is on the Beta Carbon in Cathinone?

Answer 16

Ketone