Lecture 36 - Thalamus Flashcards
Somatosensory information is relayed through Posterior nuclei in the Thalamus: 1. Ventral Posteriolateral (VPL) which is responsible for Somatosensory info from the ______. 2. Ventral Posteriomedial (VPM) which is responsible for Somatosensory info from the _____. Inputs from the body to the VPL travel through the ______ _____ and Spinothalamic tract, while inputs from the Face travel through the __________. Outputs from BOTH the VPL and VPM travel to the _______ gyrus (Somatosensory cortex).
Body
Face
Medial Lemniscus and Spinothalamic
Trigeminothalamic
Postcentral gyrus
Pain sensation is processed in the Thalamus in the ______ nuclear complex and in the ________ nuclei.
Posterior Nuclear complex
Intralaminar nuclei (From BOTH the face and Body)
The medial geniculate nuclues processes Auditory info coming in from the _____ _____ and projecting out to _____ gyrus (auditory area in Temporal cortex).
Inferior Colliculus
Heschl’s gyrus
Visual processing occurs in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Thalamus. It receives inputs from the _____, _____ cortex, and ______ colliculus.
Outputs follow this path: _____ radiations –> ______ capsule –> visual cortex.
Retina
Visual cortex
Superior colliculus
Optic radiations –> Internal capsule –> Visual cortex
Gustatory information is processed in the _____ _________ nucleus (VPM).
Vestibular info is processed in the _____ ________ nucleus (VPL - minor pathway).
Ventral Posteriomedial nucleus
Ventral Posteriolateral nucleus
Motor info is processed in _______ ______ nucleus and the ______ ______ nucleus of the Thalamus.
Ventral Anterior Nucleus
Ventral Lateral Nucleus
The Ventral Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus receives info from the _____ ______ interna and the _____ _____. It relays this info to the Supplementary and ________ areas of the cortex.
The Ventral Lateral Nucleus of the Thalamus receives info from the ________ (ipsilateral or contralateral?) ________ Nucleus of the Cerebellum, ______ ______ interna, and _______ ______. It relays this info to the ________ ________ cortex and the ________ cortex.
Globus Pallidus interna
Substantia Nigra
Supplementary and Premotor
Contralateral Dentate Nucleus
Globus Pallidus interna (aka Medial Pallidum)
Substantia Nigra
Primary Motor
Premotor
So the difference in INPUT to Ventral Anterior (VA) and Ventral Lateral (VL) Thalamic Nuclei is Contralateral Dentate input is unique to VL.
Difference in OUTPUT is Supplementary motor area is unique to VA, while Primary motor cortex is unique to VL.
The Anterior Thalamic nucleus processes info from the _______ system –> info comes in from and goes back out to the ______ circuit. This nucleus is also involed in ________.
The Lateral Dorsal Thalamic nucleus is involved in integration of info from multiple cortical areas.
Limbic system
Papez circuit
Memory
The Medial Dorsal Thalamic nucleus modulates ________ functions by acting as an integration center for _______ system info, and it controls _______ aspects of pain response.
Info comes into the nucleus from many ______ system structures –> projects out to the _______ and ______ cortices –> comes BACK into the _______ Thalamus.
Hypothalamic functions
Limbic system
Affective
Limbic
Prefrontal
Frontal
Midline thalamus
The Lateral Posterior Thalamic nucleus is involved with complex integration of _________ info.
Info comes in from the _______ lobe –> then projects out to the Superior _______ lobe.
Somatosensory info
Parietal Lobe
Superior Parietal Lobe
The Thalamic Pulvinar nucleus integrates _______ and _______ sensory info.
Info comes in from Superior _______, _______ cortex, and ______ cortex –> then projects out to the ______ and _______ lobes.
Visual
Auditory
Superior Colliculus
Visual cortex
Auditory Cortex
Temporal
Parietal
Both the _______ nucleus and _______ nuculeus relay information WITHIN the Thalamus.
Which one is involved in sleep and wakefulness?
Centromedian
Reticular
Reticular is involved in sleep and wakefulness.
Review This Image for the Functions of each Thalamic nucleus
