Lecture 5 Thinking Religion in the Modern World Flashcards
What are the 3 complications of fides quaerens intellectum?
- christian reformation movements
- new science / nova scientia
- impoverishment of traditional philosophical speculation on divine matters
christian reformation movements were critical of the use of what?
of philosophy in discussions of God and creation
Who mocked Aristotle and favored experience, and then subordinating everything to the gospel
martin luther
john calvin
what are the oppositions between philosophy and the gospel
- sinful nature of man
- impotence of philosophy
- God would teach his truth by inspiration to all
Why did Martin luther and john calvin become critical of philo of religion?
- you subject faith to reason (w/c is corrupted)
2. When dealing w/ beliefs, you have to belive FIDEISM
What is Fideism?
- faith is independent of reason
- our reason is incapable of describing our faith
- our faith can only be attained by INSPIRATION
luther and calvin say that the only way to learn about god is by?
experience
Who founded Nova Scientia?
Francis Bacon’s Novum Organum
Faith grounded on scriptires said that the earth is the center of the universe
condemnation of galileo
science found tha tmost of the results go against religious reason
How is traditional philosophical speculation on divine matters impoverished?
- tendency to legislate upon doctrines and dont think of the divine
- theology was reduced to cannon law
What does Ens Realissimum mean
God of the philosophers
Modern thinkers affirmed the existence of God
true
Religion of john locke and george berkeley
anglicans
Religion of
nicolas malebrance, antoine arnauld, blaise pascal
roman catholics
Religion of
G.W. Leibniz
Lutheran
Religion of
Jonathan Edwards
puritan notion of utter dependence of all things on God
Religion of
Thomas hobbes
Theist
Modern period is characterised by 2 questions:
- Is it reasonable to belive in God?
2. If it is reasonable, then what kind of God should we believe in?
2 kinds of theology in the modern period:
- revealed theology
2. natural theology
It is the kind of theology wherein God reveals himself and we have the grace to accept it (faith)
Revealed theology
A kind of theology wherein God is independent of faith and what he says of himself.
Relies on human reason to justify your acts of believing
Natural theology
Who says “there is no proff that will convince the non believer, while believer needs no proof”?
Pascal
Natural theology which deals with proofs of existence, arose during which period?
Modern Period
2 categories of traditional proofs (natural theology):
- deduction (a priori)
2. induction (posteriori)
Who outlined 4 ways of assesing the value of deductive arguments?
George Mavrodes
What was the book of George Mavrodes?
Belief in God
What are the 4 ways of assessing the value of deductive arguments?
- validity
- soundness
- cogency
- convincing
an assessment with formal structure of argument
conclusion would be true if premises are true
validity
an assessment where the argument is valid and the premises are true
soundess
an assessment where an argument that is sound and is known by someone to be sound
cogency
an assessment where an argument is cogent and can be known to be cogent by someone on grounds that are independent of the conclusion of the argument
convincing
always person relative
What are the 4 classes of arguments for God’s existence?
- ontological
- cosmological
- teleological
- moral