lecture 5: synapses Flashcards
electrical synapse
involved in CNS pathways where rapid communication is important
* gap junctions allow ions/electric current to flow directly between cells
EPSP
excitatory post synaptic potentials
IPSP
inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
main excitatory neuron
glutamate
metabotropic glutamate receptors are
GPCR
ionotropic recetpors of glutamate
NMDA and AMPA
main inibitory neuron
GABA
what is the most significant receptor for GABAfunction
conducts Cl-
spatial summation
multiple inputs fire at once
temporal summation
same input fires repeatedly
axo-axonic synapses
Type of synapse, formed by one neuron projecting its axon terminals onto another neuron’s axon
autoreceptors
Release NT that acts on its own axon
neurotransmitter
the primary signaling molecules invovled in a synapse
neuromodulators
modify activity of presynaptic and postsynaptic cell
* slower effect
* may involve changes in receptor gene expression
neurotransmitters are involved in _ communication
rapid
neuromodulators tend to be associated with _ events such as learning, developement, etc
slower
neurons that use ACh as the primary neurotransmitter are known as _ neurons
cholinergic
two receptor types for ACh
muscarinic (GPCR)
nicotinic (ligand-gated)
degradation of ACH is done by
AChE
major actions of ACh
- control of muscles/glands in autonomic nervous system
- contraction of skeletal muscle
- congition
catecholamines made from tyrosine
dopamine, NE, Ep
the enzymes which degrade the biogenic amine neurotransmitters are
monoamine oxidase (MAO)
catechol-o-methyltransferase
