lecture 5: synapses

Question 1

electrical synapse

Answer 1

involved in CNS pathways where rapid communication is important
* gap junctions allow ions/electric current to flow directly between cells

Question 2

EPSP

Answer 2

excitatory post synaptic potentials

Question 3

IPSP

Answer 3

inhibitory postsynaptic potentials

Question 4

main excitatory neuron

Answer 4

glutamate

Question 5

metabotropic glutamate receptors are

Answer 5

GPCR

Question 6

ionotropic recetpors of glutamate

Answer 6

NMDA and AMPA

Question 7

main inibitory neuron

Answer 7

GABA

Question 8

what is the most significant receptor for GABAfunction

Answer 8

conducts Cl-

Question 9

spatial summation

Answer 9

multiple inputs fire at once

Question 10

temporal summation

Answer 10

same input fires repeatedly

Question 11

axo-axonic synapses

Answer 11

Type of synapse, formed by one neuron projecting its axon terminals onto another neuron’s axon

Question 12

autoreceptors

Answer 12

Release NT that acts on its own axon

Question 13

neurotransmitter

Answer 13

the primary signaling molecules invovled in a synapse

Question 14

neuromodulators

Answer 14

modify activity of presynaptic and postsynaptic cell
* slower effect
* may involve changes in receptor gene expression

Question 15

neurotransmitters are involved in _ communication

Answer 15

rapid

Question 16

neuromodulators tend to be associated with _ events such as learning, developement, etc

Answer 16

slower

Question 17

neurons that use ACh as the primary neurotransmitter are known as _ neurons

Answer 17

cholinergic

Question 18

two receptor types for ACh

Answer 18

muscarinic (GPCR)
nicotinic (ligand-gated)

Question 19

degradation of ACH is done by

Answer 19

AChE

Question 20

major actions of ACh

Answer 20

• control of muscles/glands in autonomic nervous system
• contraction of skeletal muscle
• congition

Question 21

catecholamines made from tyrosine

Answer 21

dopamine, NE, Ep

Question 22

the enzymes which degrade the biogenic amine neurotransmitters are

Answer 22

monoamine oxidase (MAO)
catechol-o-methyltransferase