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Psyc 350A > Lecture 5: STIs > Flashcards

Lecture 5: STIs Flashcards

1
Q

The percentage of women and men with STIs according to the Canadian Community health survey (2013-2014)

A

19% of women and 13% of men

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2
Q

Which group has the highest rate of STIs according to Canadian Community health survey (2013-2014)

A

young adults

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3
Q

What are the most common STIs among university students according to Canadian Community health survey (2013-2014)

A

Chlamydia, HPV and herpes

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4
Q

What are the 2 major Categories of STIs

A

Bacterial and Viral

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5
Q

Chlamydia

A
  • Chlamydia Trachomatis
  • The most prevalent bacterial STI in Canada
  • Rates have been rising steadily since 1997
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6
Q

What are chlamydia symptoms for penises

A

50% asymptomatic, thin, clear discharge, mild discomfort on urination

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7
Q

What are chlamydia diagnosis for penises

A

urine sample

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8
Q

What are chlamydia symptoms for vaginas

A

75% asymptomatic, abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, burning, pain with urination

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9
Q

What are chlamydia diagnosis for vaginas

A

urine sample or vagina swab

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10
Q

What are chlamydia consequences

A

pelvic inflammatory disease, epididymitis

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11
Q

Gonorrhea

A
  • the oldest of the sexual disease
  • venereal disease
  • caused by gonococcus bacteria
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12
Q

What are Gonorrhea symptoms for penises

A

White puslike discharge from urethra

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13
Q

What are Gonorrhea symptoms for vaginas

A

usually no symptomes, pelvic inflammatory disease

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14
Q

What are Gonorrhea diagnosis for penises

A

urine test

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15
Q

What are Gonorrhea diagnosis for vaginas

A

urine test and pelvic exam

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16
Q

What are Gonorrhea treatments

A

antibiotics

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17
Q

What are Gonorrhea consequences

A
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18
Q

Syphilis

A
  • fairly uncommon now
  • 2012 = 2003 new cases in Canada
  • 2018 = 6311 new cases in Canada (slight increasing)
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19
Q

What are syphilis symptoms

A

chancre

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20
Q

What are the 4 stages of Syphilis

A
  • Primary stage
  • Secondary stage
  • Latent syphilis
  • Late syphilis
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21
Q

What are Syphilis diagnosis

A
  • difficult to diagnose
  • genital or pelvic exam, full body exam, blood tests
22
Q

What are syphilis treatment

A

penicillin

23
Q

HPV

A
  • human papillomavirus
  • more than 40 different types that cause genital warts and cancer
  • types 6 and 11 cause genital warts
  • non-reportable, so no national canadian data
24
Q

What are HPV symptoms

A
  • 90% asymptomatic
  • genital warts appearing on the genitals
25
Q

What are HPV diagnosis

A

inspection of the warts

26
Q

What are HPV treatment

A

creams, freezing

27
Q

Can you get warts in your mouth from HPV?

A

yes

28
Q

HPV vaccine

A
  • gardasil
  • protect against 9 types of HPV
29
Q

Herpes

A
  • herpes simplex virus
  • HSV-1 and HSV-2
  • 16% of women, 11% of men
  • non-reportable, so no national canadian data
30
Q

What are herpes symptoms

A
  • small, painful blisters on the genitals
  • most contagious during an active outbreak
31
Q

What are herpes treatment

A
  • no cure
  • drugs like valtrex can reduce frequency of outbreaks and make transmission less likely
32
Q

Psychological impact of herpes

A
  • range of responses
  • STI related stigma
  • STI related shame
  • better outcomes for those who have fewer outbreaks
33
Q

HIV and AIDS origin

A
  • 1981 - first identifies in USA
  • 1982 - first case in Canada
  • 1984 - HIV was identified
  • currently — a global pandemic
  • only 46% have access to treatment
34
Q

HIV and AIDs transmission

A
  • exchange of bodily fluids (semen, vaginal secretions, blood, breast milk)
  • in Canada new cases in the following groups:
  • men who have sex with men (54%)
  • heterosexuals who have sex with infected person (19%)
  • heterosexuals who came from AIDs epidemic country (14%)
  • people who inject drugs (13%)
35
Q

HIV and AIDS highest risk behaviours

A

anal intercourse and vaginal intercourse

36
Q

4 stages of HIV infection

A
  1. primary/acute infection — 2-4 weeks after exposure; nonspecific symptoms or no symptoms
  2. chronic asymptomatic infection — virus replication; nonspecific symptoms or no symptoms
  3. chronic symptomatic HIV infection — virus has reduced T4 cells, body is not able to fight off infections; non-specific symptoms
  4. AIDS-defining conditions - life threatening opportunistic infections take over (pneumonia, Kaposi’s sarcoma)
37
Q

What are HIV and AIDS diagnosis - blood test

A
  • ELISA
  • Western blot
  • rapid 60 second test
  • home test kit
38
Q

What are HIV and AIDS treatment

A
  • no cure
  • HAART
  • adherance
39
Q

How are HIV drugs paid for in Canada

A
40
Q

Psychological Impacts of HIV and AIDS

A
  • socially stigmatized disease
  • depression
  • impact on sexual life
41
Q

HIV and AIDS

A
  • challenges in developing vaccine
  • preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
  • genetic resistance
42
Q

Trichomoniasis

A
  • Trich
  • caused by trichomonas vaginalis
43
Q

What are Trichomoniasis diagnosis

A

urine sample or sample of vaginal fluid

44
Q

What are Trichomoniasis symptoms in vaginas

A

vaginal discharge

45
Q

What are Trichomoniasis symptoms in penises

A

irritation of the urethra, discharge

46
Q

What are Trichomoniasis treatment

A

metronidazole or tinidazole

47
Q

pubic lice

A

crabs

48
Q

What are pubic lice treatment

A

nix, rid

49
Q

What are pubic lice symptoms

A

intense itching

50
Q

What are pubic lice diagnosis

A

find lice and eggs

51
Q

reportable STIs in canada

A
  • syphilis
  • gonorrhea
  • chlamydia
  • HIV
52
Q

prevention

A
  • latex condoms
  • dental dams
  • washing genitals before sexual activity
  • urinating before and after

Psyc 350A (9 decks)

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