Lecture 5 Pulmonary Emergencies Dr. Thompson Flashcards
Pneumo thorax
Air between chest wall and the lung causing lung to collapse.
If there is a tracheal shift it is known as a tension pneumothorax and is usually secondary to a penetrating chest trauma.
Risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax?
Tall thin males
smokers
Pneumonias
Two most commo symptoms of pulmonary embolism?
Dyspnea and chest pain
Hamptoms hump on X-ray is a sign of?
Sign of PE
Is a wedge shaped consolodation.
Can CXR diagnose PE?
No cannot rule in or out on XR alone. Need to have a CAT scan.
What can a D-dimer tell you?
Extremely high D-dimers increase suspicion of PE. If low PE very low chance.
Can also be increased in pregnancy, trauma, surgery, or multiple needle sticks.
Why is kidney function important for CT scans?
Contrast must be eliminated by the kidneys.
Imaging of choice for an aortic ruprute?
CT has nearly 100% sensitivity!!
Widened mediastinum is very specific to this problem.
1 admission diagnosis in those over 65 years old?
Congestive heart failure!
What are the treatment options for pneumonia?
ABX - Clindamycin
O2
Nebulizer
